Skip to main content
Log in

On the optimal reachability problem of weighted timed automata

  • Published:
Formal Methods in System Design Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We study the cost-optimal reachability problem for weighted timed automata such that positive and negative costs are allowed on edges and locations. By optimality, we mean an infimum cost as well as a supremum cost. We show that this problem is PSpace-Complete. Our proof uses techniques of linear programming, and thus exploits an important property of optimal runs: their time-transitions use a time τ which is arbitrarily close to an integer. We then propose an extension of the region graph, the weighted discrete graph, whose structure gives light on the way to solve the  cost-optimal reachability problem. We also give an application of the  cost-optimal reachability problem in the context of timed games.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alur R, Dill DL (1994) A theory of timed automata. Theor Comput Sci 126(2):183–235

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Dill DL (1993) Model-checking in dense real-time. Inf Comput 104(1):2–34

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA (1993) Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. In: CAV’93: computer aided verification. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 697. Springer, Berlin, pp 181–193

    Google Scholar 

  4. Alur R, La Torre S, Pappas GJ (2001) Optimal paths in weighted timed automata. In: HSCC’01: hybrid systems: computation and control. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 2034. Springer, Berlin, pp 49–62

    Google Scholar 

  5. Alur R, Bernadsky M, Madhusudan P (2004) Optimal reachability for weighted timed games. In: ICALP’04: automata, languages, and programming. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 3142. Springer, Berlin, pp 122–133

    Google Scholar 

  6. Asarin E, Maler O (1999) As soon as possible: time optimal control for timed automata. In: HSCC’99: hybrid systems: computation and control. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 1569. Springer, Berlin, pp 19–30

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Behrmann G, Fehnker A, Hune T, Larsen KG, Pettersson P, Romijn J, Vaandrager FW (2001) Minimum-cost reachability for priced timed automata. In: HSCC’01: hybrid systems: computation and control. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 2034. Springer, Berlin, pp 147–161

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bérard B, Diekert V, Gastin P, Petit A (1998) Characterization of the expressive power of silent transitions in timed automata. Fundam Inf 36(2–3):145–182

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Bouyer P, Brinksma E, Larsen KG (2004) Staying alive as cheaply as possible. In: HSSC’04: hybrid systems: computation and control. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 2993. Springer, Berlin, pp 203–218

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bouyer P, Cassez F, Fleury E, Larsen KG (2004) Optimal strategies in priced timed game automata. In: FST&TCS’04: foundations of software technology and theoretical computer science. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 3328. Springer, Berlin, pp 148–160

    Google Scholar 

  11. Brihaye T, Bruyère V, Raskin J-F (2005) On optimal timed strategies. In: FORMATS’05: formal modelling and analysis of timed systems. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 3829. Springer, Berlin, pp 49–64

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Henzinger TA (1996) The theory of hybrid automata. In: LICS’96: logic in computer science. IEEE Computer Society Press, pp 278–292

  13. Henzinger TA, Ho P-H, Wong-Toi H (1995) A user guide to HyTech. In: TACAS’95: tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 1019. Springer, Berlin, pp 41–71

    Google Scholar 

  14. Henzinger TA, Kopke PW, Puri A, Varaiya P (1995) What’s decidable about hybrid automata? In: Proceedings of the 27th annual symposium on theory of computing. ACM Press, pp 373–382

  15. Kesten Y, Pnueli A, Sifakis J, Yovine S (1999) Decidable integration graphs. Inf Comput 150(2):209–243

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. La Torre S, Mukhopadhyay S, Murano A (2002) Optimal-reachability and control for acyclic weighted timed automata. In: IFIP TCS’02: foundations of information technology in the era of networking and mobile computing. IFIP conference proceedings, vol 223. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 485–497

    Google Scholar 

  17. Larsen KG, Pettersson P, Yi W (1997) Uppaal in a nutshell. Int J Softw Tools Technol Transf 1(1–2):134–152

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Larsen KG, Rasmussen JI (2005) Optimal conditional reachability for multi-priced timed automata. In: FoSSaCS’05: foundations of software science and computational structures. Lecture notes in computer science, vol 3441. Springer, Berlin, pp 234–249

    Google Scholar 

  19. Nemhauser GL, Wolsey LA (1988) Integer and combinatorial optimization. Wiley-interscience series in discrete mathematics and optimization. Wiley, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Raskin J-F (2005) An introduction to hybrid automata. In: Handbook of networked and embedded control systems. Birkhäuser, Basel, pp 491–518

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rockafellar RT (1970) Convex analysis. Princeton Univ. Press, New Jersey

    MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jean-François Raskin.

Additional information

Research supported by the FRFC project “Centre Fédéré en Vérification” funded by the Belgian National Science Foundation (FNRS) under grant nr 2.4530.02.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bouyer, P., Brihaye, T., Bruyère, V. et al. On the optimal reachability problem of weighted timed automata. Form Methods Syst Des 31, 135–175 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10703-007-0035-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10703-007-0035-4

Keywords

Navigation