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Effects of traditional management for mescal production on the diversity and genetic structure of Agave potatorum (Asparagaceae) in central Mexico

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Abstract

Agave potatorum is a wild endemic species of Mexico. Its stems are used for mescal production, which cancels sexual reproduction. Agaves extraction from forests decreases their reproductive success and demographic performance. We evaluated patterns of genetic diversity and structure of wild populations under and without extraction in order to identify effects of its use and actions required for conserving genetic variation. This study was conducted with seven SSR markers in 12 populations representing the entire distribution area of the species. Standard parameters of genetic diversity, differentiation, structure and genetic similarity of populations were calculated and analyzed. The populations studied showed intermediate to high genetic diversity (H e  = 0.36–0.64), compared with other Agave species so far studied. The wild category was the most diverse (H T  = 0.87), but without significant differences with respect to populations under extraction (H T  = 0.72), and two germplasm banks sampled (H T  = 0.69). High structure among populations (Φ PR  = 0.38) and inbreeding levels (F IS  = 0.26, F IT  = 0.55) were identified; a 3 % of genetic diversity being distributed among management status where germplasm banks represent a genetic pool with incipient divergence from the other categories. Bayesian analysis indicated two genetic groups. Our study suggests slight effects of management on genetic diversity of A. potatorum, apparently related to alterations of reproductive biology and pollination patterns.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed by the following institutions: Rufford Small Grants; Programa Integral de Fortalecimiento Institucional: Secretaría de Educación Pública-Universidad de Guadalajara (PIFI, SEP-UdG); Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica (PAPIIT, UNAM project IN209214); CONACYT, Mexico (Project CB-2013-01-221800). The authors thank P. Carrillo-Reyes, E. Pérez-Negrón and I. Torres for assistance in fieldwork, and P. Zamora-Tavares for laboratory assistance; G. Munguía-Lino for his support in the elaboration of the map. We also thank to A. Delgado-Lemus, I. Torres and P. Carrillo-Reyes for share their pictures. This study is part of the M.Sc. dissertation of the first author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramón Padilla Sánchez #2100, Las Agujas, A.P. 45510, Nextipac, Jalisco, Mexico

    Lizeth I. Félix-Valdez, Ofelia Vargas-Ponce, Dánae Cabrera-Toledo & Lino de la Cruz-Larios

  2. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Morelia, 58190, Michoacán, Mexico

    Alejandro Casas

  3. Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 36821, Guanajuato, Mexico

    Angélica Cibrian-Jaramillo

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  1. Lizeth I. Félix-Valdez
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  2. Ofelia Vargas-Ponce
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  3. Dánae Cabrera-Toledo
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Correspondence to Dánae Cabrera-Toledo.

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Félix-Valdez, L.I., Vargas-Ponce, O., Cabrera-Toledo, D. et al. Effects of traditional management for mescal production on the diversity and genetic structure of Agave potatorum (Asparagaceae) in central Mexico. Genet Resour Crop Evol 63, 1255–1271 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-015-0315-6

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