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TEM investigations of the oxide layers formed on a 316L alloy in simulated PWR environment

  • Energy Materials & Thermoelectrics
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Abstract

Atomic scale observations of the oxide formed on stainless steels, under simulated nuclear reactor conditions, are performed to estimate the oxide layer contribution on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) mechanisms. A duplex oxide composed of a chromium enriched inner layer (Fe1.5Cr1.5O4) and an outer layer composed of magnetite crystallites (Fe3O4) is found. The oxide layer structure evolves from amorphous, for oxidation times of 1 min, to nano-crystalline at 2 min and mono-crystalline after 5 h. IFFT images, calculated from Cs-corrected HRTEM images recorded on grains oriented in the 〈111〉 direction, highlight a double network of dislocations with ½ 〈10-1〉 and ½ 〈−110〉 Burgers vectors. This network leads to the decrease in non-relaxed deformation and favors an epitaxial growth between steel and oxide. Both crystal structure transformations and epitaxial relations between metal and oxide have provided relevant information which contributed to progress on SCC modeling.

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Notes

  1. Not reported in this paper.

  2. FEI Helios Nanolab 600 in EDF R&D.

  3. FEI Tecnai 20F attached to a GIF 2000 available in EDF R&D.

  4. FEI Titan 80–300 kV Cs objective lens corrector available in CIM-PACA platform.

  5. FEI Titan 80–300 kV Cs probe lens corrector and monochromator attached to a HR-Tridiem GIF available in EDF R&D.

  6. ASTAR software principle is not developed in this paper. More details are given in [30, 31].

  7. Not reported in this paper.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like acknowledge Michael Jublot and Martiane Cabié from CP2M laboratory in Marseille for the technique of backside milling. Thanks to Muriel Véron who introduced us in the use of the Astar software. Thanks also to Stéphane Coindeau, Rachel Martin and Alexandre Crisci for XRD, SEM, and Raman experiments, respectively. We are also grateful to Patricia Donnadieu for her help in the HRTEM images interpretation and Bruno Gilles for the investigation of the Burgers vector.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SIMaP–Grenoble INP–CNRS, 1130 Rue de la Piscine, BP 75, 38402, Saint Martin d’Hères Cedex, France

    R. Soulas, M. Cheynet, E. Rauch & Y. Brechet

  2. CIM-Paca, Université Paul Cézanne, Provence et Sud Toulon, Avenue Escadrille Normandie Niémen, Case 142, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France

    T. Neisius

  3. EDF R&D, Avenue des Renardières, 77250, Moret-Sur-Loing, France

    R. Soulas, L. Legras & C. Domain

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  1. R. Soulas
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  2. M. Cheynet
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Correspondence to M. Cheynet.

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Soulas, R., Cheynet, M., Rauch, E. et al. TEM investigations of the oxide layers formed on a 316L alloy in simulated PWR environment. J Mater Sci 48, 2861–2871 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6975-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6975-0

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