Abstract
To study the formation mechanism of a conductive layer in a laser-processed AlN ceramic plate, nanosecond laser treatment on an AlN ceramic was performed to generate an Al layer, which created conductivity on the surface. Changes in the resistance for different energy densities, pulse durations, line spacings and scanning speeds were studied by means of XPS and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the resistance is inversely proportional to the duration of the pulse in the case of low energy density or low scanning speed. At a higher energy density or a higher scanning speed, the resistance is proportional to the duration of the pulse. The variation in the resistance as a function of line spacing is related to the energy density. As the energy density increases, the resistance value decreases slowly at first and then maintains an upward trend. The resistance is proportional to the scanning speed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Liu WN, Han YL, Liu YW, Ma ZX, Han R (2015) Microstructure of alumina/aluminum nitride ceramics. B Chin Ceram Soc 34:2052–2056
Yuan WJ, Li XY, Qiu T (2013) Research progress on aluminum nitride with high thermal conductivity. Mater Rev 07:43–46
Yang QH, Wang HP, Xu SQ (2010) Research and prospect of preparation of aluminum nitride powder. J Ceram 31:651–657
Chen W, Miyamoto Y, Tojo T, Naito M (2012) Densification and properties of AlN ceramic bonded carbon. J Eur Ceram Soc 32:245–250
Chen W, Miyamoto Y (2014) Effect of graphite powders on formation of AlN ceramic-bonded carbon composites. Ceram Int 40:12597–12601
Coombs CF (2007) Printed circuits handbook, 6th edn. McGraw-Hill Education, New York
Bains N, Geraghty K, Goosey M (2006) New technologies for a sustainable printed circuit board manufacturing process: further results. Circuit World 32:19–24
Ladou J (2006) Printed circuit board industry. Int J Hyg Environ Health 209:211–219
Li J, Shrivastava P, Gao Z, Zhang HC (2004) Printed circuit board recycling: a state-of-the-art survey. IEEE Trans Electron Packag 27:33–42
Long JY, Fan PX, Gong DW, Zhang HJ, Zhong ML (2016) Ultrafast laser fabricated bio-inspired surfaces with special wettability. Chin J Lasers 43:7–24
Luque A, Flores G, Perdigones F, Medina D, Garcia J, Quero JM (2013) Single axis accelerometer fabricated using printed circuit board techniques and laser ablation. Sens Actuators A Phys 192:119–123
Plat K, Witzendorff PV, Suttmann O, Overmeyer L (2014) Laser processing of thin glass printed circuit boards with a picosecond laser at 515 nm wavelength. Phys Proced 56:983–990
Piqué A, Mathews SA, Pratap B, Auyeung RCY, Karns BJ, Lakeou S (2006) Embedding electronic circuits by laser direct-write. Microelectron Eng 83:2527–2533
Djuric SM, Dubourg G (2017) Fractal inductors on flexible plastic substrate fabricated by laser ablation. Microelectron Eng 168:10–14
Liébana S, Jones LJ, Drago GA, Pittson RW, Liu D, Perrie W, Hart JP (2016) Design and development of novel screen-printed microelectrode and microbiosensor arrays fabricated using ultrafast pulsed laser ablation. Sens Actuators B Chem 231:384–392
Kim KR, Cho JH, Lee NY, Kim HJ, Cho SH, Park HJ, Choi B (2016) High-precision and ultrafast UV laser system for next-generation flexible PCB drilling. J Manuf Syst 38:107–113
Zacharatos F, Makrygianni M, Geremia R, Biver E, Karnakis D, Leyder S, Puerto D, Delaporte P, Zergioti I (2016) Laser direct write micro-fabrication of large area electronics on flexible substrates. Appl Surf Sci 374:117–123
Hirayama Y, Yabe H, Obara M (2001) Selective ablation of AlN ceramic using femtosecond, nanosecond and microsecond pulsed laser. J Appl Phys 89:2943–2949
Stolz B, Backes G, Gillner A, Kreutz E (1997) Selective surface modification of ceramics with laser radiation. Appl Surf Sci 109–110:242–248
Feng YB, Yang B, Dai YN (2014) Thermodynamics on formation of C, Al4C3 and Al2O3 in AlCl disproportionation process in vacuum to produce aluminum. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc 24:3366–3371
Pavlyuchkov D, Fabrichnaya O, Herrmann M (2012) Thermodynamic assessments of the Al2O3–Al4C3–AlN and Al4C3–AlN–SiC systems. J Phase Equilib Diffus 33:357–368
Ushijima M, Hara H, Muramatsu A, Kuwahara T (2010) The operating characteristics of a ducted rocket in the Mars atmosphere. AIAA J 2514(6):2010–6999
Yang D, Yu Z, Fan L (2003) Al4C3 hydration thermochemical analysis for burned carbon-containing refractories with Al. Chin Refract 12:19–22
Yao Y, Chen H, Zhang W (2005) Time scale effects in laser material removal: a review. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 26:598–608
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Hubei Provincial Department of Education, China (Grant Nos. D20181401 and T201405).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yang, Q., Chen, Y., Lv, Z. et al. Nanosecond laser surface processing of AlN ceramics. J Mater Sci 54, 13874–13882 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03888-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03888-9