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Novel yolk–shell Fe3O4@void@SiO2@PPy nanochains toward microwave absorption application

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Abstract

A growing number of core–shell structured microwave absorbents have been reported; nevertheless, there are few studies accessible about one-dimensional core–shell electromagnetic nanocomposites as microwave absorption materials. In this work, we have developed two kinds of novel electromagnetic nanocomposites, namely yolk–shell Fe3O4@void@SiO2 nanochains and Fe3O4@void@SiO2@PPy nanochains. Their components and morphologies have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectra, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms have demonstrated their specific surface areas and porosity, and the magnetic properties have been recorded by the vibrating sample magnetometer. Investigation of microwave absorbing properties manifests that Fe3O4@void@SiO2@PPy nanochains have stronger absorption capability and broader effective absorption bandwidth than Fe3O4@void@SiO2 nanochains, which is caused by the introduction of polypyrrole shells, giving rise to the addition of conductive loss and the enhancement of dipole polarizations, interfacial polarizations, multiple reflection and absorption. Specifically, the minimum reflection loss value is − 54.2 dB (17.70 GHz) and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth can reach 5.90 GHz (11.49–17.39 GHz); thus, Fe3O4@void@SiO2@PPy nanochains will become promising microwave absorption candidates. This research once more demonstrates that necklace-like core–shell magnetic–dielectric complex benefit to enhancement of microwave absorption performance, and establishes a good foundation for exploiting the high-effective microwave absorbing materials.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51433008), National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (Grant No. 51503116) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 3102017jc01001). The authors thank the Analytical & Testing Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University for the SEM and TEM test.

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The authors declare no competing financial interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano-materials and Technology, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Mingtao Qiao & Jian Wei

  2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, People’s Republic of China

    Mingtao Qiao, Dan Wei, Xiaowei He, Xingfeng Lei & Qiuyu Zhang

  3. MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry Under Extraordinary Condition, Ministry of Education, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, People’s Republic of China

    Qiuyu Zhang

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  1. Mingtao Qiao
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  2. Dan Wei
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  3. Xiaowei He
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  4. Xingfeng Lei
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Qiao, M., Wei, D., He, X. et al. Novel yolk–shell Fe3O4@void@SiO2@PPy nanochains toward microwave absorption application. J Mater Sci 56, 1312–1327 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05313-y

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