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Porous ceramic bone scaffolds for vascularized bone tissue regeneration

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite scaffolds with a multi modal porosity designed for use in tissue engineering of vascularized bone graft substitutes were prepared by three dimensional printing. Depending on the ratio of coarse (mean particle size 50 μm) to fine powder (mean particle size 4 μm) in the powder granulate and the sintering temperature total porosity was varied from 30% to 64%. While macroscopic pore channels with a diameter of 1 mm were created by CAD design, porosity structure in the sintered solid phase was governed by the granulate structure of the printing powder. Scaffolds sintered at 1,250 °C were characterized by a bimodal pore structure with intragranular pores of 0.3–0.4 μm and intergranular pores of 20 μm whereas scaffolds sintered at 1,400 °C exhibit a monomodal porosity with a maximum of pore size distribution at 10–20 μm. For in-vivo testing, matrices were implanted subcutaneously in four male Lewis rats. Scaffolds with 50% porosity and an average pore size of ∼18 μm were successfully transferred to rats and vascularized within 4 weeks.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science (Glass and Ceramics), University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany

    Julia Will, Reinhold Melcher, Cornelia Treul, Nahum Travitzky & Peter Greil

  2. Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstraße 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany

    Ulrich Kneser, Elias Polykandriotis & Raymund Horch

Authors
  1. Julia Will
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  2. Reinhold Melcher
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Correspondence to Julia Will.

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Will, J., Melcher, R., Treul, C. et al. Porous ceramic bone scaffolds for vascularized bone tissue regeneration. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 19, 2781–2790 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3346-5

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