Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Use of Isolated Pectin from a Cissampelos pareira-Based Polymer Blend Matrix for the Transdermal Delivery of Nicotine

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Polymers and the Environment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pectin is a natural biopolymer, and a major component of a complex heterogeneous polysaccharide found in the primary cell walls and middle lamella of plant tissues. This paper used pectin isolated from Cissampelos pareira (Krueo Ma Noy) leaves to prepare the matrix layer for nicotine transdermal patches. However, the patch was a brittle film, thus, deproteinized natural rubber latex (DNRL) was blended to improve flexibility of the patch. Here we present for the first time a preparation study exploring the suitability of isolated pectin blends to serve as drug carriers and the mechanism controlling the release patterns of nicotine. The hydrophilicity of the patches was found to decrease when increasing the DNRL ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction experiments were used to characterize the interactions between the investigated drugs and the matrix polymers. In vitro studies showed that the isolated pectin blends were an effective matrix for controlled nicotine release. The release and permeation patterns of nicotine depend on the hydrophilicity of the patches. The kinetic models of nicotine were found to be a Higuchi model and zero order for in vitro release and skin permeation, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Cui S, Brummer Y (2006) Detection and determination of polysaccharides in foods. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Valdés A, Burgos N, Jiménez A, Garrigós M (2015) Natural pectin polysaccharides as edible coatings. Coatings 5:865

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Mukerji B, Bhandari PR (1959) Cissampelos pareira l. Source of a new gurariform drug. Planta Med 7:250–259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Cáceres A, Girón LM, Martínez AM (1987) Diuretic activity of plants used for the treatment of urinary ailments in guatemala. J Ethnopharmacol 19:233–245

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Kupchan SM, Patel AC, Fujita E (1965) Tumor inhibitors VI. Cissampareine, new cytotoxic alkaloid from Cissampelos pareira. Cytotoxicity of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. J Pharm Sci 54:580–583

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Hiroshi M, Kouji M, Koichi T, Hideji I, Yoichi I (1993) A novel antileukemic tropoloisoquinoline alkaloid, pareirubrine, from Cissampelos pareira. Chem Lett 22:339–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Singthong J, Ningsanond S, Cui SW, Douglas Goff H (2005) Extraction and physicochemical characterization of Krueo Ma Noy pectin. Food Hydrocoll 19:793–801

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Singthong J, Cui SW, Ningsanond S, Douglas Goff H (2004) Structural characterization, degree of esterification and some gelling properties of Krueo Ma Noy (Cissampelos pareira) pectin. Carbohydr Polym 58:391–400

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Furer V, Hersch M, Silvetzki N, Breuer GS, Zevin S (2010) Nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) intoxication-two cases in one family. J Med Toxicol 7:47–51

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Abu-Huwaij R, Obaidat R, Sweidan K, Al-Hiari Y (2011) Formulation and in vitro evaluation of xanthan gum or carbopol 934-based mucoadhesive patches, loaded with nicotine. AAPS PharmSciTech 12:21–27

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Dome P, Lazary J, Kalapos MP, Rihmer Z (2010) Smoking, nicotine and neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 34:295–342

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gilbert SG (2004) Nicotine. Informa Healthcare, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  13. Abbruscato TJ, Lopez SP, Mark KS, Hawkins BT, Davis TP (2002) Nicotine and cotinine modulate cerebral microvascular permeability and protein expression of ZO-1 through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed on brain endothelial cells. J Pharm Sci 91:2525–2538

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Po ALW (1993) Transdermal nicotine in smoking cessation. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 45:519–528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Wokovich AM, Prodduturi S, Doub WH, Hussain AS, Buhse LF (2006) Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) adhesion as a critical safety, efficacy and quality attribute. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 64:1–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Yildiz D (2004) Nicotine, its metabolism and an overview of its biological effects. Toxicon 43:619–632

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Amnuaikit T, Taweepreda W, Ritthidej CG (2013) Deproteinized natural rubber film forming polymeric solutions for nicotine transdermal delivery. Pharm Dev Technol 18:1111–1121

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Taweepreda W, Amnuaikit T, Ritthidej GC (2015) Transdermal nicotine mixed natural rubber-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose film forming systems for smoking cessation: In vitro evaluations. Pharm Dev Technol 20:966–975

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Amnuaikit T, Taweepreda W, Ritthidej GC (2012) Nicotine transdermal patches using polymeric natural rubber as the matrix controlling system: effect of polymer and plasticizer blends. J Membr Sci 81–90: 411–412

    Google Scholar 

  20. Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Amnuaikit T, Taweepreda W, Ritthidej GC (2012) Deproteinized natural rubber latex/hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose blending polymers for nicotine matrix films. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:8442–8452

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Pongjanyakul T, Khunawattanakul W, Puttipipatkhachorn S (2009) Physicochemical characterizations and release studies of nicotine-magnesium aluminum silicate complexes. Appl Clay Sci 44:242–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Amnuaikit T, Taweepreda W, Ritthidej GC (2012) Deproteinized natural rubber as membrane controlling layer in reservoir type nicotine transdermal patches. Chem Eng Res Des 91:520–529

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gore AV, Chien YW (1998) The nicotine transdermal system. Clin Dermatol 16:599–615

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Vardhanabhuti B, Ikeda S (2006) Isolation and characterization of hydrocolloids from monoi (Cissampelos pareira) leaves. Food Hydrocoll 20:885–891

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Espitia PJP, Du W-X, Avena-Bustillos RdJ, Soares NdFF, McHugh TH (2014) Edible films from pectin: physical-mechanical and antimicrobial properties—a review. Food Hydrocoll 35:287–296

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Eça KS, Machado MTC, Hubinger MD, Menegalli FC (2015) Development of active films from pectin and fruit extracts: light protection, antioxidant capacity, and compounds stability. J Food Sci 80:C2389-C2396

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Pichayakorn W, Suksaeree J, Boonme P, Taweepreda W, Ritthidej GC (2012) Preparation of deproteinized natural rubber latex and properties of films formed by itself and several adhesive polymer blends. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:13393–13404

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. López EV, Luzardo Álvarez A, Méndez JB, Espinar FJO (2017) Cellulose-polysaccharide film-coating of cyclodextrin based pellets for controlled drug release. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 42:273–283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Das D, Chaudhuri A, Mitra M, Ghosh S (2017) Development of moisture vapour permeable waterproof cotton fabric by coating with blend of natural rubber latex and polyvinyl alcohol. J Text Inst 108:1285–1290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Vudjung C, Saengsuwan S (2016) Synthesis and properties of biodegradable hydrogels based on cross-linked natural rubber and cassava starch. J Elastom Plast 49:574–594

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Suksaeree J, Pichayakorn W, Monton C, Sakunpak A, Chusut T, Saingam W et al (2013) Formulation of ketoprofen matrix membrane for transdermal delivery systems. Thail J Pharm Sci 38:180–183

    Google Scholar 

  32. Waiprib R, Boonme P, Taweepreda W, Kalkornsurapranee E, Suksaeree J, Pichayakorn W (2017) Deproteinized natural rubber latex/gelatinized starch blended films as drug delivery carrier. Monatsh Chem Chem Mon 148:1223–1228

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Waiprib R, Pichayakorn W, Boonme P, Taweepreda W, Suksaeree J (2015) Properties of deproteinized natural rubber latex/gelatinized starch blended films. Key Eng Mater 659:45–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Akhlaq M, Danish Z, Khan K, Hussain A, Ajaz M, Qureshi J et al (2017) Effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer on in vitro dissolution and permeation of bisoprolol fumarate through transdermal patch. Acta Pol Pharm 74:187–197

    Google Scholar 

  35. Viyoch J, Patcharaworakulchai P, Songmek R, Pimsan V, Wittaya-Areekul S (2003) Formulation and development of a patch containing tamarind fruit extract by using the blended chitosan–starch as a rate-controlling matrix. Int J Cosmet Sci 25:113–125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Bektaş A, Cevher E, Güngör S, Özsoy Y (2014) Design and Evaluation of polysaccharide-based transdermal films for the controlled delivery of nifedipine. Chem Pharm Bull 62:144–152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ranade VV (1991) Drug delivery systems. 6. Transdermal drug delivery. J Clin Pharmacol 31:401–418

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Prausnitz MR, Langer R (2008) Transdermal drug delivery. Nat Biotechnol 26:1261–1268

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Faculty of Pharmacy and the Research Institute of Rangsit University for financial support (Grant No. 3/2560). The authors would also like to express their gratitude to KI Tull, for editing and assistance in the English language for this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jirapornchai Suksaeree.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Suksaeree, J., Karnsopa, P., Wannaphruek, N. et al. Use of Isolated Pectin from a Cissampelos pareira-Based Polymer Blend Matrix for the Transdermal Delivery of Nicotine. J Polym Environ 26, 3531–3539 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-018-1233-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-018-1233-4

Keywords

Navigation