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Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles and Nanorods

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Abstract

This paper presents a low temperature (130 and 160 °C) synthesis route to prepare the spinel phase CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and nanorods. A one-dimensional (1-D) structure of Co-ferrite was successfully synthesized using Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant at temperature 160 °C. Structural, electrical, and magnetic measurements have been performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). XRD patterns show a pure spinel (fcc) structure, showing a complete phase formation at a low temperature of 160 °C, without any subsequent sintering. Average crystallite sizes have been calculated by Sherrer’s and Williamson-Hall methods. As prepared CoFe2O4 nanorods exhibited a uniform shape of diameter 60–80 nm and 600–900 nm in length. The FTIR spectrum for Co-ferrite nanorods shows two intrinsic lattice absorption bands for tetrahedral and octahedral sublattices. DC electrical resistivity of CoFe2O4 nanorods is high up to ∼108 (Ω-cm), as compared to CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (∼107 Ω-cm) at 373 K. Dielectric parameters were measured using a LCR meter, in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 5 MHz. The real and imaginary part of the dielectric constant (ε′ and ε″) and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) reduces for CoFe2O4 nanorods in comparison to nanoparticles, and has a value of 13.6 and 0.0416, respectively. Magnetic properties were characterized by VSM under a field of 10 kOe and showed that the 1-D structure reduces the magnetization of nanocrystalline CoFe2O4 from 65 emu/gm to 54 emu/gm.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge TWAS, Italy, the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Islamabad, Pakistan, and the Pakistan Science Foundation (PSF) Project. No. 147, for providing financial support for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thermal Transport Laboratory (TTL), School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Erum Pervaiz, I. H. Gul & Humaira Anwar

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  1. Erum Pervaiz
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  2. I. H. Gul
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  3. Humaira Anwar
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Correspondence to I. H. Gul.

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Pervaiz, E., Gul, I.H. & Anwar, H. Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles and Nanorods. J Supercond Nov Magn 26, 415–424 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-012-1749-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-012-1749-0

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