Abstract
Applicability of montmorillonite, manganese oxide-coated montmorillonite (MOCM) and iron oxide-coated montmorillonite (IOCM) as backfill materials in permeable reactive barrier (PRB) to remediate contaminated groundwater was investigated. Single- and bi-solute competitive sorptions of Co, Sr and Cs were conducted. The Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Radushkevich models fitted the single-solute sorption data well (R 2 > 0.95). Maximum sorption capacities (q mL) of Co and Sr predicted by the Langmuir model were in the order of MOCM (0.37 mmol/g for Co and 0.28 mmol/g for Sr) > montmorillonite (0.27 mmol/g for Co and 0.19 mmol/g for Sr) ≈ IOCM (0.23 mmol/g for Co and 0.21 mmol/g for Sr), while those of Cs were in the order of montmorillonite (1.11 mmol/g) > MOCM (0.68 mmol/g) > IOCM (0.62 mmol/g). In the bi-solute sorptions, the sorbed amount of one solute decreased due to the presence of the other competing metal ion. Langmuir model parameters for single-solute (q mL and b L) and bi-solute (\( q_{\text{mL}}^{*} \) and \( b_{\text{L}}^{ *} \)) sorptions were compared to analyze the effect of competition between the metal ions. The competitive Langmuir (R 2 > 0.81) and P-factor (R 2 > 0.82) models predicted the bi-solute competitive sorption data well but not the SRS model (0.003 < R 2 < 0.97).
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Abbreviations
- b L :
-
Langmuir model constant (L/mmol)
- b L,i :
-
Langmuir model constant of a solute i in single-solute sorption (L/mmol)
- \( b_{{{\text{L,}}i}}^{*} \) :
-
Langmuir model constant of a solute i in bi-solute competitive sorption (L/mmol)
- C:
-
Aqueous-phase equilibrium concentration (mmol/L)
- C 0 :
-
Initial concentration (mmol/L) of metal in aqueous solution
- C m,i :
-
Aqueous-phase equilibrium concentration (mmol/L) of a solute i in bi-solute competitive sorption
- CLM:
-
Competitive Langmuir model
- E :
-
Mean free energy (kJ/mol) in Dubinin-Radushkevich model
- K F :
-
Freundlich sorption coefficient \( [{\text{(mmol/g)/(mmol/L)}}^{N_{F}}] \).
- K F,i :
-
Freundlich sorption parameters obtained from a single-solute system \( [{\text{(mmol/g)/(mmol/L)}}^{N_{F}}] \)
- N d :
-
The number of data points
- N F :
-
Exponent in Freundlich model
- N F,i :
-
Exponent in Freundlich model obtained from a single-solute system
- P :
-
The number of parameters
- P i :
-
P-factor model parameter
- q :
-
Solid-phase equilibrium concentration (mmol/g)
- q i,exp :
-
Solid-phase equilibrium concentration of the experimental data (mmol/g)
- q i,pred :
-
Solid-phase equilibrium concentration of theoretically predicted points (mmol/g)
- q m,i :
-
Solid-phase equilibrium concentration of a solute i in bi-solute competitive sorption (mmol/g)
- q mD :
-
Maximum sorption capacity of Dubinin-Radushkevich model (mmol/g)
- q mL :
-
Maximum sorption capacity of Langmuir model (mmol/g)
- q mL,i :
-
Maximum sorption capacity of solute i in single-solute sorption predicted by Langmuir model (mmol/g)
- \( q_{{{\text{mL,}}i}}^{*} \) :
-
Maximum sorption capacity of solute i in bi-solute competitive sorption predicted by Langmuir model (mmol/g)
- R :
-
Gas constant, 8.314 (J/mol/K)
- R 2 :
-
Coefficient of determination
- R L :
-
Separation factor
- RMSE:
-
Root mean square error
- rss:
-
Residual sum of squares
- SSE:
-
Sum of squared errors
- T :
-
Absolute temperature (K)
- α :
-
SRS model coefficient
- α i,j :
-
Dimensionless competition coefficient for the sorption of solute i in the presence of solute j predicted by SRS model
- β:
-
Dubinin-Radushkevich model parameter (mol2/J2)
- ε :
-
Polanyi potential (J/mol)
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) grant funded by the Korean government, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (grant number: M20709005401-07B0900-40110) and the authors acknowledge the Korea Basic Science Institute (Daegu) and Kyungpook National University Center for Scientific Instrument.
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Park, Y., Shin, W.S. & Choi, SJ. Sorptive removal of cobalt, strontium and cesium onto manganese and iron oxide-coated montmorillonite from groundwater. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 292, 837–852 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1527-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1527-7