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Investigations on the phase transition of Mn-doped BaTiO3 multifunctional ferroelectric ceramics through Raman, dielectric, and magnetic studies

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for dielectric, electronic, magnetic and ferroelectric
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Abstract

BaTiO3 (BTO) and BaTi1−xMnxO3 (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 mol%) ceramic materials have been prepared by the sol–gel combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been carried out to characterize the phase purity and crystal structure of the prepared compounds, and all XRD patterns suggest tetragonal structure with the phase group of P4mm. The variation in the estimated lattice parameters confirms the incorporation of Mn atoms at Ti site of BTO. Raman spectroscopy studies under various temperatures suggest a phase transition from tetragonal to cubic phase at ~433 K, identified by a distinct Raman mode at 308 cm−1. As Raman modes are getting softened by Mn doping, phase transition temperature of the Mn-doped compounds is significantly decreased from 473 K (x = 0%) to 433 K (x = 0.75%). Dielectric properties such as permittivity and dielectric loss as the function of frequency under various temperatures have two distinct dielectric anomalies (i) at 393 K associated to tetragonal to cubic phase transition and (ii) at 550 K due to oxygen vacancy defect in the samples. Observation of weak ferromagnetism at 2, 300, and 400 K in the M (H) and ZFC-FC curve, suppose its origin due to an intriguing exchange interaction between Mn and oxygen vacancies.

Highlights

  • Mn-doped BaTiO3 is prepared by sol–gel combustion method.

  • The structural phase transition from tetragonal to cubic phase occurs at ~433 K.

  • Phase transition associated with a distinct Raman mode at ~308 cm−1.

  • M–H loop shows weak ferromagnetism with intriguing exchange interactions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, MIT Campus, Anna University, Chennai, 600044, India

    K. Madhan, C. Jagadeeshwaran, V. Pazhanivelu & R. Murugaraj

  2. Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), 201203, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    R. Thiyagarajan & Wenge Yang

  3. Department of Nuclear Physics, University of Madras, Chennai, 600025, India

    A. Paul Blessington Selvadurai

  4. SSN Research Center, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, India

    K. Aravinth

  5. Center for the Study of Matter at Extreme Conditions, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA

    Wenge Yang

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  1. K. Madhan
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Correspondence to R. Murugaraj.

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Madhan, K., Thiyagarajan, R., Jagadeeshwaran, C. et al. Investigations on the phase transition of Mn-doped BaTiO3 multifunctional ferroelectric ceramics through Raman, dielectric, and magnetic studies. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 88, 584–592 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4835-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4835-3

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