Abstract
In this study, the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is demonstrated as a powerful technique that can provide accurate thermodynamic property values of environmental contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In total, 47 high purity PAH certified reference materials were selected and analysed by DSC. Their onset melting temperature, enthalpy of fusion and eutectic purity were calculated from the obtained melting endotherms. In addition, the entropy of fusion, which was calculated from the onset melting temperature and enthalpy of fusion, is presented. All measurements were evaluated in a metrologically rigorous manner, including measurement uncertainties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Yang HH, Lai SO, Hsieh LT, Hsueh HJ, Chi TW. Profiles of PAH emission from steel and iron industries. Chemosphere. 2002;48:1061–74.
Mi HH, Lee WJ, Chen CB, Yang HH, Wu SJ. Effect of fuel aromatic content on PAH emission from a heavy-duty diesel engine. Chemosphere. 2000;41:1783–90.
Moon HB, Kannan K, Lee SJ, Ok G. Atmospheric deposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in an urban and a suburban area of Korea from 2002 to 2004. Environ Contam Toxicol. 2006;51:494–502.
Weisburger JH. A perspective on the history and significance of carcinogenic and mutagenic N-substituted aryl compounds in human. Mut Res Fund Mol Mech Mut. 1997;376:261–6.
White PA. The genotoxicity of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in complex mixtures. Mut Res-Gen Tox Env Mut. 2002;515:85–98.
Straif K, Baan R, Grosse Y, et al. Carcinogenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Lancet Oncol. 2005;6:931–2.
European Union. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. Off J Eur Commun. 2000;L 327:1–72.
European Union. Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. Off J Eur Commun. 2005;L 23:3–16.
European Union. Decision 2455/2001/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. Off J Eur Commun. 2001;L 331:1–5.
European Union. Council Directive 98/83/EC. Off J Eur Commun. 1998;L330:32–54.
European Union. Commission Regulation (EC) No. 1881/2006. Off J Eur Commun. 2006;L 364:5–24.
ISO Guide 34:2000—General requirements for the competence of reference material producers, ISO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Linsinger TPJ, Bernreuther A, Corbisier Ph, et al. Accreditation of reference material producers: the example of IRMM’s Reference Materials Unit. Accred Qual Assur. 2007;12:167–74.
Basheer C, Balasubramanian R, Lee HK. Determination of organic micropollutants in rainwater using hollow fiber membrane/liquid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2003;1016:11–20.
Giron D. Applications of thermal analysis and coupled techniques in pharmaceutical industry. J Therm Anal Cal. 2002;68:335–57.
Kong Y, Hay JN. The enthalpy of fusion and degree of crystallinity of polymers as measured by DSC. Eur Polym J. 2003;39:1721–8.
Höhne G, Hemminger W, Flammersheim HJ. Differential scanning calorimetry: an introduction for practitioners. 1st ed. New York: Springer; 2003.
Drozdzewska K, Kestens V, Held A, Roebben G, Linsinger T. Differential scanning calorimetry to measure the purity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J Therm Anal Cal. 2007;88:757–62.
ASTM 928-03 standard test method for purity by differential scanning calorimetry, ASTM, West Conshohocken, USA.
Schawe J. Evaluation and interpretation of peak temperatures of DSC curves. Part 1: basic principles. Mettler Toledo UserCom. 2006;1:6–9.
ISO 5725:1994—Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results, part 4: basic methods for the determination of the trueness of a standard measurement method, ISO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Maroto A, Boqué R, Riu J, Rius FX. Measurement uncertainty in analytical methods in which trueness is assessed from recovery assays. Anal Chim Acta. 2001;440:171–84.
Linsinger T (2005) Application note 1—comparison of a measurement result with the certified value. European Reference Materials. http://www.erm-crm.org. Accessed March 2009.
ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008—Uncertainty of measurement, part 3: guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995), ISO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Książczak A, Nagata I. Crystal-plastic and plastic-liquid phase transitions, and purity determination. Thermochim Acta. 1995;254:31–9.
Donnelly IR, Drewers LA, Johnson RL, Munslow WD, Knapp KK, Sovocool GW. Purity and heat of fusion data for environmental standards as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Thermochim Acta. 1990;167:155–87.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kestens, V., Auclair, G., Drozdzewska, K. et al. Thermodynamic property values of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons measured by differential scanning calorimetry. J Therm Anal Calorim 99, 245–261 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-009-0440-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-009-0440-6