Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of intake manifold design on the mixing of air and bio-CNG in a port-injected dual fuel diesel engine

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The awareness for an effective utilization of renewable energy and alternative fuels has been increasing. As alternative fuels, both liquid and gaseous biofuels have huge resources. A bio-CNG is a form of biogas with increased methane content. The present study comprises the development of intake manifold with the port fuel injector and investigate the mixing characteristics of air and bio-CNG. The aim of the study is to analyse the effect the R/D ratio on the flow behaviour and mixture formation of air and bio-CNG. The four configurations of intake manifold are investigated. The ratio of radius of curvature of manifold bend (R) to the diameter of manifold (D) is varied as 1, 1.5, 1.75 and 2. The port fuel injector for bio-CNG induction is placed at 200 mm from the manifold. The objective is to optimize the intake manifold to deliver the homogeneous mixture of air and bio-CNG inside the engine cylinder. As the bio-CNG is new age fuel, being produced to reduce the import of conventional CNG, the work for optimization of port injector and intake manifold are hardly available. The geometries are made in PTC-Creo 3.0, followed by CFD simulation in ANSYS Fluent. The different configurations are analysed for the comparison of the parameters such as, pressure, velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, helicity and mass fraction of CH4. The results show that the distribution of bio-CNG near the outlet of the manifold is uniform and homogeneous for the manifold with R/D ratio of 1.75 and 2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

3D:

Three-dimensional

BTDC:

Before top dead centre

CFD:

Computational fluid dynamics

CH4 :

Methane

CNG:

Compressed natural gas

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

COV:

Coefficient of variation

HC:

Hydrocarbon

H2S:

Hydrogen disulphide

IC:

Internal combustion

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

NOX :

Oxides of nitrogen

PFI:

Port fuel injection

References

  1. Thiyagarajan S, Sonthalia A, Geo VE, Prakash T, Karthickeyan V, Ashok B, Nanthagopal K, Dhinesh B. Effect of manifold injection of methanol/n-pentanol in safflower biodiesel fuelled CI engine. Fuel. 2020;261:116378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Lalvani JIJ, Parthasarathy M, Dhinesh B, Annamalai K. Pooled effect of injection pressure and turbulence inducer piston on performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine powered with biodiesel blend. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2016;134:336–43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Aalam CS, Saravanan CG, Anand BP. Impact of high fuel injection pressure on the characteristics of CRDI diesel engine powered by mahua methyl ester blend. Appl Therm Eng. 2016;106:702–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bello EI, Daniyan IA, Otu F. Distillation characteristics of rubber seed oil, biodiesel and blend with diesel. Res J Eng Appl Sci. 2013;3(2):114–7.

    Google Scholar 

  5. von Mitzlaff K. Engines for biogas: german appropriate technology exchange (GATE). Bonn and Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ); 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Shah MS, Halder PK, Shamsuzzaman ASM, Hossain MS, Pal SK, Sarker E. Perspectives of biogas conversion into Bio-CNG for automobile fuel in Bangladesh. J Renew Energy. 2017;2017:14.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ayyasamy T, Balamurugan K, Duraisamy S. Production, performance and emission analysis of Tamanu oil-diesel blends along with biogas in a diesel engine in dual cycle mode. Int J Energy Technol Policy. 2018;14(1):4–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Vlachos TG. Experimental investigation on performance and emissions of an automotive diesel engine fuelled with biofuels. Doctoral dissertation, Politecnico Di Torino; 2013.

  9. Elumalai PV, Annamalai K, Dhinesh B. Effects of thermal barrier coating on the performance, combustion and emission of DI diesel engine powered by biofuel oil–water emulsion. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2019;137(2):593–605.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Thiyagarajan S, Sonthalia A, Geo VE, Ashok B, Nanthagopal K, Karthickeyan V, Dhinesh B. Effect of electromagnet-based fuel-reforming system on high-viscous and low-viscous biofuel fueled in heavy-duty CI engine. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2019;138(1):633–44.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. IS 16087. Biogas (Biomethane) Specification. Bureau of Indian Standards, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002. 2016.

  12. Papagiannakis RG, Rakopoulos CD, Hountalas DT, Rakopoulos DC. Emission characteristics of high speed, dual fuel, fompression ignition engine operating in a wide range of natural gas/diesel fuel proportions. Fuel. 2010;89(7):1397–406.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Jemni MA, Kantchev G, Abid MS. Intake manifold design effect on air fuel mixing and flow for an LPG heavy duty engine. Int J Energy Environ. 2012;3(1):61–72.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Qi YL, Dong LC, Liu H, Puzinauskas PV, Midkiff KC. Optimization of intake port design for SI engine. Int J Automot Technol. 2012;13(6):861–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Anand TNC, Ravikrishna RV. Multi-dimensional, transient fluid flow simulations in the manifold of a four-stroke single-cylinder engine. In: ASME 2005 internal combustion engine division fall technical conference (475-483). American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection; 2008.

  16. Idris A, Bakar RA. Effect of port injection CNG engine using injector nozzle multi holes on air-fuel mixing in combustion chamber. Eur J Sci Res. 2009;34(1):16–24.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Garg M, Ravikrishna R. CFD modeling of in-cylinder fuel-air mixing in a CNG-fuelled SI engine with port gas injection. In: SAE technical paper 2010-32-0003; 2010. https://doi.org/10.4271/2010-32-0003

  18. Herrera J, Toohey J, Jin B, Rogers T. Koopmans L. Effects of different port injection CNG system configurations on a 3.8l V6 engine. In: Sustainable automotive technologies 2012 (103-110). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg; 2012.

  19. Sukegawa Y, Nogi T, Kihara Y. In-cylinder airflow of automotive engine by quasi-direct numerical simulation. JSAE Rev. 2003;24(2):123–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Chintala V, Subramanian KA. A CFD (computational fluid dynamics) study for optimization of gas injector orientation for performance improvement of a dual-fuel diesel engine. Energy. 2013;57:709–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hushim MF, Alimin AJ, Razali MA, Mohammed AN, Sapit A, Carvajal JCM. Air flow behaviour on different intake manifold angles for small 4-stroke PFI retrofit kit system. In: International engineering research and innovation symposium 2015 (IRIS), 12–13 September 2015, Putrajaya, Malaysia. ARPN J Eng Appl Sci. Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN), ISSN 1819-6608. http://eprints.uthm.edu.my/id/eprint/7316.

  22. Prasad RK, Kar T, Agarwal AK. Prospects and challenges for deploying direct injection technology for compressed natural gas engines. In: Srinivasan K, Agarwal A, Krishnan S, Mulone V, editors. Natural gas engines. Energy, environment, and sustainability. Singapore: Springer; 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3307-1_5.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Paul B, Ganesan V. Flow field development in a direct injection diesel engine with different manifolds. Int J Eng Sci Technol. 2010;2(1):80–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Majczak A, Barański G, Siadkowska K, Sochaczewski R. CNG injector research for dual fuel engine. Adv Sci Technol Res J. 2017;11(1):212–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Chandekar AC, Debnath BK. Computational investigation of air-biogas mixing device for different biogas substitutions and engine load variations. Renew Energy. 2018;127:811–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Kashyap U, Das K, Debnath BK. Effect of surface modification of a rectangular vortex generator on heat transfer rate from a surface to fluid. Int J Therm Sci. 2018;127:61–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Melander MV, Hussain F. Topological aspects of vortex reconnection. In: Proceedings of IUTAM symposium topological fluid mechanics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; 1990, pp. 484–499.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793003, India

    Akash Chandrabhan Chandekar & Biplab Kumar Debnath

Authors
  1. Akash Chandrabhan Chandekar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Biplab Kumar Debnath
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Biplab Kumar Debnath.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chandekar, A.C., Debnath, B.K. Effect of intake manifold design on the mixing of air and bio-CNG in a port-injected dual fuel diesel engine. J Therm Anal Calorim 141, 2295–2309 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09591-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09591-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation