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Thermal analysis of a binary base fluid in pool boiling system of glycol–water alumina nano-suspension

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Abstract

The main aim of the present research is to measure the nucleate boiling heat transfer coefficient (BHTC) of aqueous glycol nano-suspension as a coolant around a horizontal heater. Alumina nanoparticles were added to the base fluid at a volumetric concentration of 1% to improve the thermal conductivity of the nano-suspension. The pressure of the system was set to the atmospheric pressure, and the coolant was tested at different applied heat fluxes (HF) ranged from 0 to 90 kW m−2 and volumetric concentration of 0–40% of the heavier component. Two zones of heat transfer were identified, including a natural convection zone and nucleate boiling one mixed with bubble formation and bubble interactions. Results also showed that the HTC of the nano-suspension is smaller than those recorded for the pure water. A rough comparison was made to examine the accuracy of the developed equations for estimating the BHTC value against the experimental data. It was found that the developed equations are not accurate for the data measured in the free convection region. Thus, the Churchill-Chu correlation was recommended for estimating the BHTC in the free convection area of heat transfer. Also, the effect of operating parameters such as HF and volumetric concentration on the pool boiling HTC of the solution was studied.

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Abbreviations

A:

Available boiling surface, m2

B0 :

Available area for heat transfer/available area for mass transfer (ratio)

C:

Heat capacity, J kg−1 K−1

DAB :

Coefficient of diffusion, m2 s−1

db :

Bubble departing diameter, m

g:

Gravitational acceleration, m2 s−1

Hfg :

Heat of vaporization, J kg−1

k:

Coefficient of thermal conductivity, W/mK

P:

Pressure, Pa

Pr:

Prandtl number

q:

Heat, W

Ra:

Rayleigh number

s:

Distance, m

T:

Temperature, k

b:

Bulk

c:

Critical

i :

Component

id :

Ideal

l:

Liquid

o:

Reference

r:

Reduced

s:

Saturated or surface

th :

Thermocouples

v :

Vapour

\( \alpha \) :

BHTC, boiling heat transfer coefficient, W m−2 K−1

\( \Delta \) :

Difference

\( \rho \) :

Density, kg m−3

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (no. 2019R1G1A1100160). Also, the authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Majmaah University, Saudi Arabia, for supporting this work under project number No. (RGP-2019–17).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam

    Mohammad Reza Safaei

  2. Faculty of Electrical – Electronic Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam

    Mohammad Reza Safaei

  3. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia

    Iskander Tlili

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Ehsan Gholamalizadeh

  5. Department of Mathematics, University of Education Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Tehseen Abbas

  6. Department of Mechatronics and System Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia

    Tawfeeq Abdullah Alkanhal

  7. Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Marjan Goodarzi

  8. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mahidzal Dahari

  9. Center of Research Excellent in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Mahidzal Dahari

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  1. Mohammad Reza Safaei
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  2. Iskander Tlili
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Safaei, M.R., Tlili, I., Gholamalizadeh, E. et al. Thermal analysis of a binary base fluid in pool boiling system of glycol–water alumina nano-suspension. J Therm Anal Calorim 143, 2453–2462 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09911-5

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