Abstract
We describe a method for the preparation of metal–organic composites submicron particles. Specifically, the preparation of silver particle-clusters 150–200 nm in size, doped with an organic dye Congo-red, is reported. The use of sodium citrate coupled with sodium hypophosphite facilitated the formation of these particle-clusters, which were fully characterized by TEM analysis, Zeta potential and size measurements, scanning electron microscopy, UV–Vis measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis. The latter reveals a catalytic action of the metal on the thermal oxidative decomposition of the entrapped dye. The use of these particles to obtain dense thin metallic films was demonstrated by the coating of ITO glass.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Astruc D, Lu F, Aranzaes JR (2005) Nanoparticles as recyclable catalysts: the frontier between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Ang Chem 44:7852–7872
Behar-Levy H, Avnir D (2002) Entrapment of organic molecules within metals: dyes in silver. Chem Mater 14:1736–1741
Behar-Levy H, Avnir D (2005) Silver doped with acidic/basic polymers: novel, reactive, metallic composites. Adv Funct Mater 15:1141–1146
Behar-Levy H, Shter GE, Grader GS, Avnir D (2004) Entrapment of organic molecules within metals. 2. Polymers in silver. Chem Mater 16:3197–3202
Behar-Levy H, Neumann O, Naaman R, Avnir D (2007) Chirality induction in bulk gold and silver. Adv Mater 19:1207
Ben-Knaz R, Avnir D (2009) Bioactive enzyme–metal composites: the entrapment of acid phosphatase within gold and silver. Biomaterials 30:1263–1267
Chatterjee S, Chatterjee S, Chatterjee BP et al (2007) Adsorptive removal of Congo red, a carcinogenic textile dye by chitosan hydrobeads: binding mechanism, equilibrium and kinetics. Colloids Surf A 299:146–152
Duran Pachon L, Yosef I, Markus TZ, Naaman R, Avnir D, Rothenberg G (2009) Chiral imprinting of palladium with cinchona alkaloids. Nat Chem 1:160–164
Evanoff DD, Chumanov G (2005) Synthesis and optical properties of silver nanoparticles and arrays. Chem Phys Chem 6:1221–1231
Heller A (1995) Chemistry and applications of photocatalytic oxidation of thin organic films. Acc Chem Res 28:503–508
Henglein A, Giersig M (1999) Formation of colloidal silver nanoparticles: capping action of citrate. J Phys Chem B 103:9533–9539
Judeinstein P, Sanchez C (1996) Hybrid organic–inorganic materials: a land of multidisciplinarity. J Mater Chem 6:511–525
Katz E, Willner I (2004) Integrated nanoparticle–biomolecule hybrid systems: synthesis, properties, and applications. Ang Chem 43:6042–6108
Ladam G, Schaad P, Voegel JC et al (2000) In situ determination of the structural properties of initially deposited polyelectrolyte multilayers. Langmuir 16:1249–1255
Lee PC, Meisel D (1982) Adsorption and surface-enhanced Raman of dyes on silver and gold sols. J Phys Chem 86:3391–3395
Leventis N, Sotiriou-Leventis C, Chen M, Jain A (1997) Electrochemical evidence for the affinity of n-alkyl sulfonate group-modified viologens to gold. J Electrochem Soc 144:L305–L308
Malynych S, Robuck H, Chumanov G (2001) Fabrication of two-dimensional assemblies of Ag nanoparticles and nanocavities in poly(dimethylsiloxane) resin. Nano Lett 1:647–649
Mor GK, Varghese OK, Paulose M, Ong KG, Grimes CA (2006) Fabrication of hydrogen sensors with transparent titanium oxide nanotube-array thin films as sensing elements. Thin Solid Films 496:42–48
Neouze MA, Litschauer M (2008a) Entrapment of an ionic liquid in a metallic silver matrix through precipitation. Aust J Chem 61:329–331
Neouze MA, Litschauer M (2008b) Confinement of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate in metallic silver. J Phys Chem B 112:16721–16725
Nesher G, Marom G, Avnir D (2008) Metal-polymer composites: synthesis and characterization of polyaniline and other polymer@silver compositions. Chem Mater 20:4425–4432
Nesher G, Aylien M, Sandaki G, Avrnir D, Marom G (2009) Polyaniline entrapped in silver: structural properties and electrical conductivity. Adv Funct Mater 19:1293–1298
Rivas L, Sanchez-Cortes S, Garcia-Ramos JV, Morcillo G (2001) Growth of silver colloidal particles obtained by citrate reduction to increase the Raman enhancement factor. Langmuir 17:574–577
Rotello VM (2004) Nanoparticles: building blocks for nanotechnology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York
Ryabukha AA (1989) Reduction of silver ions with sodium hypophosphite. Inorg Mater 25:1293–1295
Sanchez C, Lebeau B, Chaput F, Boilot JP (2003) Optical properties of functional hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites. Adv Mater 15:1969–1994
Shipway AN, Katz E, Willner I (2000) Nanoparticle arrays on surfaces for electronic, optical, and sensor applications. Chem Phys Chem 1:18–52
Shter GE, Behar-Levy H, Gelman V, Grader GS, Avnir D (2007) Organically of doped metals—a new approach to metal catalysis: enhanced ag-catalyzed oxidation Methanol. Adv Funct Mater 17:913–918
Sinai O, Avnir D (2009) Electrolytical entrapment of organic molecules within metals. J Phys Chem B 113:13901–13909
Yang Y, Ouyang J, Ma LP, Tseng RJH, Chu CW (2006) Electrical switching and bistability in organic/polymeric thin films and memory devices. Adv Funct Mater 16:1001–1014
Yosef I, Avnir D (2006) Metal-organic composites: the heterogeneous organic doping of the coin metals—copper, silver, and gold. Chem Mater 18:5890–5896
Yosef I, Abu-Reziq R, Avnir D (2008) Entrapment of an organometallic complex within a metal: a concept for heterogeneous catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 130:11880–11882
Acknowledgments
Support of the Ministry of Science and Technology through the infrastructure Tahtiot program and through an Eshkol scholarship (to I. Y.) is gratefully acknowledged. We thank Dr. Haviv Grisaru and the staff at the Center of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at the Hebrew University for their support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yosef, I., Avnir, D. Entrapment of dye molecules within submicron silver particles. J Nanopart Res 13, 3929–3937 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-011-0315-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-011-0315-1