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Magnetic, structural, and electronic properties of iron sulfide Fe3S4 nanoparticles synthesized by the polyol mediated process

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Abstract

Iron sulfide nanoparticles Fe3S4 with the spinel-type crystal structure were synthesized by the polyol mediated process. The particle size depends on preparation conditions and varies from 9 to 20 nm. Mössbauer data have revealed that the dominating fraction of iron ions in the 9-nm sample is in the high-spin ferric state. This implies an occurrence of the cation vacancies in nonstoichiometric greigite. The stoichiometric phase of greigite Fe3S4 dominates in the 18-nm-size nanoparticles. Magnetic measurements have shown a ferrimagnetic behavior of all samples at temperatures between 78 and 300 K. The estimated value of magnetic moment of the stoichiometric greigite nanoparticles is about 3.5 μB per Fe3S4 unit. The Mössbauer spectra indicate a superparamagnetic behavior of small particles, and some fraction of superparamagnetic phase is observed in all samples synthesized which may be caused by the particle size distribution. The blocking temperatures of T B ≈ 230 and 250 K are estimated for the 9 and 14 nm particles, respectively. The Mössbauer parameters indicate a great degree of covalency in the Fe–S bonds and support the fast electron Fe3+ ⇆ Fe2+ exchange in the B-sites of greigite. An absence of the Verwey transition at temperatures between 90 and 295 K is established supporting a semimetal type of conductivity. The temperature and magnetic field dependences of the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of optical spectra were measured in Fe3S4 for the first time. The spectra differ substantially from that of the isostructural oxide Fe3O4. It is supposed that the MCD spectra of greigite nanoparticles result from the collective electron excitations in a wide band with superimposed peaks of the d–d transitions in Fe ions.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 11-02-92001) and the Russian Academy of Sciences under the Program “Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials” (grant no. 24-3.1). We also thank the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC100-2923-M-218-001-MY3) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky av. 59, Moscow, 119333, Russia

    I. S. Lyubutin, S. S. Starchikov, K. O. Funtov & T. V. Dmitrieva

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Nanotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Nan-Tai Street, Yungkang Dist., Tainan, 710, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Chun-Rong Lin, Shin-Zong Lu & Muhammad Omar Shaikh

  3. Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia

    S. G. Ovchinnikov, I. S. Edelman & R. Ivantsov

  4. Institute of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia

    S. G. Ovchinnikov

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  1. I. S. Lyubutin
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  2. S. S. Starchikov
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Correspondence to I. S. Lyubutin, Chun-Rong Lin or S. G. Ovchinnikov.

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Lyubutin, I.S., Starchikov, S.S., Lin, CR. et al. Magnetic, structural, and electronic properties of iron sulfide Fe3S4 nanoparticles synthesized by the polyol mediated process. J Nanopart Res 15, 1397 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-012-1397-0

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