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Streptomyces sp. LH 4 promotes plant growth and resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in cucumber via modulation of enzymatic and defense pathways

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Abstract

Background

In the soil ecosystem, microbial diversity exists and these diverse organisms interact with plant roots and influence the physicochemical properties of plants. Some of these diverse microorganisms can cause diseases or can provide beneficial interactions with plants. Rhizobacteria are well-known beneficial microorganism that colonize the plant root zone (rhizosphere) and are referred to as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that contribute to the promotion of plant growth either directly or indirectly. PGPRs are also known for their biocontrol abilities. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an Ascomycetous soil inhabiting fungus, causes white rot disease in cucumbers. This disease results in the loss of millions of dollars annually. The current study was conducted to isolate naturally occurring soil inhabiting bacteria that may promote plant growth under diseased conditions and also antagonize the pathogen.

Scope

The isolated LH4 strain was identified as Streptomyces sp. by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The plant growth promoting effects and the antifungal antagonistic activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were confirmed by measuring enzymatic activity of LH4 and demonstration in planta. In addition, Streptomyces sp. LH4 pure culture application exhibited significant growth inhibition of S. sclerotiorum in cucumber. Analysis of the major hormones related to pathogen defense; the jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid, showed that the modulation of these two hormones increased disease resistance in cucumber.

Conclusion

The present study suggests a possible dual role of Streptomyces sp. LH4 as functional material for bio-fertilizer and biocontrol against pathogens.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

PGPR:

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

SA:

salicylic acid

JA:

jasmonic acid

P:

phosphate

ABA:

abscisic acid

IAA:

auxins

NCBI:

National Center for Biotechnology Information

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

NBRIP:

National Botanical Research Institute’s P growth

CMC:

carboxymethyl cellulose

PDA:

potato dextrose agar

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Funding

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (2017R1D1A1B04035601) to In-Jung Lee and by a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (Grant No. PJ01367901), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea to Bong-Gyu Mun.

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  1. Bong-Gyu Mun and Won-Hee Lee contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea

    Bong-Gyu Mun, Won-Hee Lee, Sang-Mo Kang, Sang-Uk Lee, Muhammad Shahid, Byung-Wook Yun & In-Jung Lee

  2. Environment-friendly Agriculture Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Gyeongnam, Jinju, Republic of Korea

    Seok-Min Lee

  3. Gyeongnam Oriental Anti-aging Institute, Gyeongnam, Sancheong, Republic of Korea

    Dong Yeol Lee

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  1. Bong-Gyu Mun
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Contributions

WHL, BGM and SMK designed the study and performed main experiments. SUL, SML, MS, WHL and DYL analyzed the data and performed supplementary experiments. BGM, WHL and MS wrote the manuscript and revised manuscript. BWY and IJL supervised the overall experiment and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Byung-Wook Yun or In-Jung Lee.

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Supplementary Fig. 1 Phylogenetic tree analysis of Streptomyces sp. strain LH4. 16S rRNA sequences were used from related taxa for phylogenetic tree analysis using MEGA (v7.01) (JPG 1092 kb)

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Mun, BG., Lee, WH., Kang, SM. et al. Streptomyces sp. LH 4 promotes plant growth and resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in cucumber via modulation of enzymatic and defense pathways. Plant Soil 448, 87–103 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-04411-4

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