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Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Protein Hydrolysates Using Different Proteases

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Abstract

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) contains approximately 20–25 % protein with abundant essential amino acids. The enzymatic hydrolysate of Persian walnut (Chandler) seed proteins was prepared by incubation with three different proteases, including pancreatic chymotrypsin and trypsin, and a microbial enzyme proteinase K. The hydrolysates were found to possess excellent antioxidant capacities. The peptide fractions scavenged the 2, 2′-anizo-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals and inhibited the activity of reactive oxygen species. Walnut protein hydrolysates were also tested, for the first time, against the viability of human breast (MDA-MB231) and colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines. MTT, [3-(4, 5dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide], assay was used to assess in vitro cancer cell viability upon treatment with the peptide fractions. The peptide fractions showed cell growth inhibition of 63 ± 1.73 % for breast cancer and 51 ± 1.45 % for colon cancer cells. Thus, a direct correlation between antioxidant and anticancer activities of walnut peptide fractions exists and supports their potential therapeutic benefit.

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Abbreviations

ABTS:

2, 2′-anizo-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)

ACE:

Angiotensin converting enzyme

CL:

Chemiluminescence

HUVEC:

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells

MTT:

3-(4, 5dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide

OPA:

o-Phthaldialdehyde

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

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Acknowledgments

The support of University of Tehran, International Scientific Studies & Collaboration (CISSC)-Ministry of Science, Research and Technology in Iran, Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics (CEBiotherm), Center of Excellence for Walnut Improvement and Technology of Iran, Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) and Iran National Elites Foundation (INEF) and UNESCO Chair on Interdisciplinary Research in Diabetes, Iran Society of Biophysical Chemistry is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also acknowledge the Headquarter of Science and Technology Development in Medicinal Plants of Iran’s Vice-President for Science and Technology Affairs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Raheleh Jahanbani, S. Mahmood Ghaffari & Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi

  2. Department of Food Science and Engineering, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

    Maryam Salami

  3. Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran

    Kourosh Vahdati

  4. Animal Biology Department, School of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Houri Sepehri & Nader Sheibani

  5. Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA

    Nazanin Namazi Sarvestani

  6. Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi

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  1. Raheleh Jahanbani
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  2. S. Mahmood Ghaffari
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  3. Maryam Salami
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  4. Kourosh Vahdati
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  8. Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi
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Correspondence to Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi.

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Jahanbani, R., Ghaffari, S.M., Salami, M. et al. Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Protein Hydrolysates Using Different Proteases. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 71, 402–409 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-016-0576-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-016-0576-z

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