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Metal ion adsorption from wastewater by g-C3N4 modified with hydroxyapatite: a case study from Sarcheshmeh Acid Mine Drainage

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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (Hap) modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) powders (Hap/g-C3N4) were prepared and characterized. The sorption activities of g-C3N4 and Hap/g-C3N4 were evaluated for the removal of Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Fe3+ and Cd2+ metal ions from simulated wastewater (synthetic solutions containing metal ions) and acid mine drainage from the sSarcheshmeh Copper Mine. The results indicated that the sorption capacities (SC) of g-C3N4 remarkably increased after the modification by Hap. Hap/g-C3N4 possessed higher SC than unmodified g-C3N4. So, the sorption mechanisms appear mainly attributable to the chemical interactions between the metal ions and functional groups on the Hap/g-C3N4 surface. More adsorption sites were formed on Hap/g-C3N4, which possessed abundant surface hydroxyl, phosphate and –NH2/–NH–/=N groups causing the higher efficiency of metal ion uptakes. Divalent metal cations are first adsorbed on the Hap/g-C3N4 surface and then substitution with Ca2+ ion can occur. Effect of pH evaluations confirmed that SC increased steeply with the pH increasing on both g-C3N4 and Hap/g-C3N4 adsorbents. The kinetic study demonstrated that the adsorption data were correlated well with the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption process successfully followed the pseudo-second-order model.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mining Engineering, Islamic Azad University- South Tehran Branch, Tehran, 1514643711, Iran

    Ramtin Agha Beygli & Esmaeil Rahimi

  2. Department of Petroleum, Mining and Material Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

    Neda Mohaghegh

Authors
  1. Ramtin Agha Beygli
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  2. Neda Mohaghegh
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  3. Esmaeil Rahimi
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Correspondence to Esmaeil Rahimi.

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Agha Beygli, R., Mohaghegh, N. & Rahimi, E. Metal ion adsorption from wastewater by g-C3N4 modified with hydroxyapatite: a case study from Sarcheshmeh Acid Mine Drainage. Res Chem Intermed 45, 2255–2268 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-018-03733-9

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