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Meta-analysis of the prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine neosporosis

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Abstract

Neospora caninum is one of the main infectious agents that cause reproductive disorders in cattle. However, knowledge about the prevalence and causal factors of bovine neosporosis is needed in order to establish control measures. The purpose of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence and determine the risk factors of bovine neosporosis using meta-analytic methods. Searches for data on N. caninum seroprevalence and potential risk factors were conducted in the PubMed, LILACS, and SciElo databases. The random effects model was used for the meta-analysis of the included studies. The pooled prevalence of N. caninum in cattle was 24% (95% confidence interval (CI), 19–29) in North and Central America, 24% (95% CI, 20–28) in South America, 18% (95% CI, 14–21) in Asia, 15% (95% CI, 12–18) in Europe, 13% (95% CI, 11–16) in Africa, and 8% (95% CI, 4–14) in Oceania. A significant correlation was found between N. caninum infection and abortion in cows (odds ratio (OR) = 2.66, 95% CI, 1.97–3.59). The following risk factors were signicantly associated with N. caninum seroprevalence: presence of dogs on the farm (OR = 2.84; 95% CI, 1.40–5.80) and the type of cattle production system, with dairy cattle being more susceptible to bovine neosporosis (OR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.16–2.19) than beef cattle. The adoption of measures to prevent the dissemination of N. caninum in cattle herds is suggested, aiming to reduce the economic losses incurred to the dairy and beef industry.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Center for Research and Development in Mathematics and Applications (University of Aveiro) and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for grants to support this project (UID/MAT/04106/2013).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Claudia Mello Ribeiro & Rodrigo Guerrero Mendes

  2. Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Agrárias de Itapeva, Itapeva, São Paulo, Brazil

    Isabela Ribeiro Soares, Renato Bacarin Zavilenski & Hudson Felipe Porto de Abreu

  3. Centro Universitário das Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Paula Andrea de Santis Bastos

  4. Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Paula Andrea de Santis Bastos

  5. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil

    Satie Katagiri

  6. Department of Mathematics, Universidade de Aveiro, District of Aveiro, Portugal

    Vera Afreixo

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  1. Claudia Mello Ribeiro
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Ribeiro, C.M., Soares, I.R., Mendes, R.G. et al. Meta-analysis of the prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine neosporosis. Trop Anim Health Prod 51, 1783–1800 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-01929-8

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