Abstract
We introduce a conceptual model of the urban forest patch as a complex social-ecological system, incorporating cross-scale interactions. We developed this model through an interdisciplinary process engaging social and ecological scientists and urban land management decision makers, with a focus on temperate forest social-ecological systems. In this paper, we place the production and management of urban forest patches in historical perspective, present a conceptual model of urban forest patches within a broader regional context, and identify a series of research questions to highlight future directions for research on urban forest patches. This conceptual model identifies how spatial and temporal social-ecological drivers interact with patch-level conditions at multiple scales. Our integrative approach can provide insights into the role of social-ecological drivers in shaping forest health, biodiversity, and benefits forest patches provide to people in urban and urbanizing regions, with direct implications for decision-making to improve management outcomes.
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This work was supported by the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) under funding received from the National Science Foundation DBI-1052875.
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Lea R. Johnson and Michelle L. Johnson have equally shared first authorship of this paper; other authors are presented alphabetically.
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Johnson, L.R., Johnson, M.L., Aronson, M.F.J. et al. Conceptualizing social-ecological drivers of change in urban forest patches. Urban Ecosyst 24, 633–648 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-020-00977-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-020-00977-5