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Spatial Profiling and Assessing Dominance of Sources to Water Phosphorus Burden in a Shallow Lake

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Abstract

Efficacy of phosphorus (P) mitigation strategies in lake basins could not be quantitatively evaluated due to a lack of assessment frameworks, confounding preferential management. The promiscuity in contributions of P sources to burden is a major cause. This study aimed to spatially profile water P burden with special emphasis on assessing dominance of P sources in a lake system. Exploratory data analysis with multivariate statistical techniques was applied to interpret raw data matrix of 21 variables employed in water and sediment samples collected from Baiyangdian Lake, the largest freshwater shallow lake in North China. Simple trend surface analysis was performed to estimate P distribution similarities. Multivariate exploratory analysis was conducted on variables and sites to accomplish pattern recognition and magnitude identification of sources. Linear regression model was applied to quantitatively determine importance of P regulators. Results revealed that P fractionation in sediments reflected the dominance of P sources and played a pivotal role in discriminating water P burden. Intensive P enrichment was highly associated with nitrogen levels and conductivity as response of exogenous input. Sedimentary sand fraction needed more concern due to its high risks of potential sink and preferential release. Metallic oxide bound P along with organic P served as main sediment contributions. Pertinent separate strategies were suggested to be implemented sub-regionally in mitigating effects of P downstream. The proposed framework enabled assessment on source-related P burden to evaluate profits of P reduction management options and provided an alternative framework of focal point determination for local government agencies.

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Acknowledgments

The authors greatly appreciated financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41171384, 41271414 and 41301529) and Special Environmental Research Funds for Public Welfare (No. 2010467046).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resource, Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China

    Xiao Pu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Xiao Pu & Shengtian Yang

  3. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Hongguang Cheng, Lu Lu & Fanghua Hao

  4. Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, China

    Jing Xie

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  1. Xiao Pu
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  2. Hongguang Cheng
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  3. Lu Lu
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  4. Shengtian Yang
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  5. Jing Xie
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  6. Fanghua Hao
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Correspondence to Hongguang Cheng.

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Pu, X., Cheng, H., Lu, L. et al. Spatial Profiling and Assessing Dominance of Sources to Water Phosphorus Burden in a Shallow Lake. Water Resour Manage 29, 715–729 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0837-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0837-2

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