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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture

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Abstract

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the rhizosphere bacteria that can enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms like phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, biological nitrogen fixation, rhizosphere engineering, production of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), quorum sensing (QS) signal interference and inhibition of biofilm formation, phytohormone production, exhibiting antifungal activity, production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), induction of systemic resistance, promoting beneficial plant-microbe symbioses, interference with pathogen toxin production etc. The potentiality of PGPR in agriculture is steadily increased as it offers an attractive way to replace the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other supplements. Growth promoting substances are likely to be produced in large quantities by these rhizosphere microorganisms that influence indirectly on the overall morphology of the plants. Recent progress in our understanding on the diversity of PGPR in the rhizosphere along with their colonization ability and mechanism of action should facilitate their application as a reliable component in the management of sustainable agricultural system. The progress to date in using the rhizosphere bacteria in a variety of applications related to agricultural improvement along with their mechanism of action with special reference to plant growth-promoting traits are summarized and discussed in this review.

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Abbreviations

AHLs:

N-acyl homoserine lactones

ACC:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

AFM:

Anti-fungal metabolite

DAPG:

2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol

BYMV:

Bean yellow mosaic potyvirus

CSI:

Central insecticide board

ISR:

Induced systemic resistance

PO:

Peroxidise

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

PGPR:

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria

PCBs:

Polychlorinated biphenyls

PPO:

Polyphenol oxidase

QS:

Quorum sensing

RFLP:

Restriction fragment length polymorphism

RZT:

Root zone temperature

VOCs:

Volatile organic compounds

YCF1:

Yeast cadmium factor protein

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, New Delhi for financial assistance in the form of a research project.

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  1. Department of Botany, Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, 781014, India

    P. N. Bhattacharyya & D. K. Jha

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Bhattacharyya, P.N., Jha, D.K. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28, 1327–1350 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-011-0979-9

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