Abstract
Recently, mobile-to-mobile (M2M) cooperative network technology has gained considerable attention for its promise of enhanced system performance with increased mobility support. As this is a new research field, little is known about the statistical properties of M2M fading channels in cooperative networks. So far, M2M fading channels have mainly been modeled under the assumption of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. In this paper, we propose a new model for M2M fading channels in amplify-and-forward relay links, where it is assumed that a line-of-sight (LOS) component exists in the direct link between the source mobile station and the destination mobile station. Analytical expressions will be derived for the main statistical quantities of the channel envelope, such as the mean value, variance, probability density function (PDF), level-crossing rate (LCR), and average duration of fades (ADF) as well as the channel phase. Our results show that the statistical properties of the proposed M2M channel are quite different from those of double Rayleigh and double Rice channels. In addition, a high-performance channel simulator will be presented for the new M2M channel model. The developed channel simulator is used to confirm the correctness of all obtained theoretical results by simulations.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sendonaris A., Erkip E., Aazhang B. (2003) User cooperation diversity—Part I: System description. IEEE Transactions on Communications 51(11): 1927–1938
Sendonaris A., Erkip E., Aazhang B. (2003) User cooperation diversity—Part II: Implementation aspects and performance analysis. IEEE Transactions on Communications 51(11): 1939–1948
Laneman J.N., Tse D.N.C., Wornell G.W. (2004) Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 50(12): 3062–3080
Akki A.S., Haber F. (1986) A statistical model of mobile-to-mobile land communication channel. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 35(1): 2–7
Dohler, M. (2003). Virtual antenna arrays. Ph.D. dissertation, King’s College, London, UK.
Barbarossa, S., & Scutari, G. (2003). Cooperative diversity through virtual arrays in multihop networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on acoustics, speech, signal processing (pp. 209–212). Hong Kong, China.
Patel C.S., Stüber G.L., Pratt G.T. (2006) Statistical properties of amplify and forward relay fading channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 55(1): 1–9
Kovacs, I. Z., Eggers, P. C. F., Olesen, K., & Petersen, L. G. (2002). Investigations of outdoor-to-indoor mobile-to-mobile radio communications channels. In Proceedings of the IEEE 56th vehicle technolgy conference, VTC’02-Fall (pp. 430–434). Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Salo, J., El-Sallabi, H. M., & Vainikainen, P. (2006). Impact of double-Rayleigh fading on system performance. In Proceedings of the 1st IEEE international symposium on wireless pervasive computing, ISWPC 2006. Phuket, Thailand (0-7803-9410-0/10.1109/ISWPC.2006.1613574).
Talha, B., & Pätzold, M. (2007). On the statistical properties of double Rice channels. In Proceedings of the 10th international symposium on wireless personal multimedia communications, WPMC 2007 (pp. 517–522). Jaipur, India.
Salo J., El-Sallabi H.M., Vainikainen P. (2006) Statistical analysis of the multiple scattering radio channel. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 54(11): 3114–3124
Papoulis A., Pillai S.U. (2002) Probability, random variables and stochastic processes (4th ed). McGraw-Hill, New York
Simon M.K. (2002) Probability distributions involving Gaussian random variables: A handbook for engineers and scientists. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
Pätzold M. (2002) Mobile fading channels. Wiley, Chichester
Akki A.S. (1994) Statistical properties of mobile-to-mobile land communication channels. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 43(4): 826–831
Gradshteyn I.S., Ryzhik I.M. (2000) Table of integrals, series, and products (6th ed). Academic Press, New York
Watson G.N. (1966) A treatise on the theory of Bessel functions (2nd ed). Bentley House, London
Kotz S., Kozubowski T.J., Podgórski K. (2001) The Laplace distribution and generalizations: A revisit with applications to communications, economics, engineering, and finance. Birkhäuser, Boston
Rice S.O. (1945) Mathematical analysis of random noise. The Bell System Technical Journal 24: 46–156
Pätzold, M., & Hogstad, B. O. (2006). Two new methods for the generation of multiple uncorrelated Rayleigh fading waveforms. In Proceedings of the IEEE 63rd semiannual vehicular technology conference, VTC’06-Spring (Vol. 6, pp. 2782–2786). Melbourne, Australia.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The material in this paper is based on “On the Statistical Properties of Mobile-to-Mobile Fading Channels in Cooperative Networks Under Line-of-Sight Conditions”, by Batool Talha and Matthias Pätzold which appeared in the proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications, WPMC 2007, Jaipur, India, December 2007.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Talha, B., Pätzold, M. Statistical Modeling and Analysis of Mobile-to-Mobile Fading Channels in Cooperative Networks Under Line-of-Sight Conditions. Wireless Pers Commun 54, 3–19 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-009-9721-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-009-9721-4