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Inflammatory metabolites in exhaled breath condensate characterize the obese respiratory phenotype

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Abstract

In humans, obesity plays a critical role in pulmonary inflammation, and is an important risk factor for the development of several inflammatory respiratory diseases. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that generate mediators in the setting of obesity may help to recognize the link between obesity and chronic respiratory diseases, like the increased incidence and severity of asthma in obese individuals. NMR spectroscopy of exhaled breath condensate (EBC, a non-invasive matrix to access the lung epithelial lining fluid) can unambiguously identify biomarkers characterizing different pulmonary physiopathological states. In this study we aimed at verifying if NMR-based metabolomics of EBC, combined with orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis, could possibly recognize specific biomarkers to map the obese metabolic respiratory phenotype. Obese and lean control subjects could be distinguished in a statistical model presenting high quality parameters (R2 = 0.904 and Q2 = 0.871). Identified airway metabolites linked to the inflammation processes demonstrate that obesity constitutes a specific inflammatory metabolic phenotype (metabotype). It is concluded that the noninvasive EBC matrix is suitable to selectively investigate the obesity-related lung inflammation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank patients for their contribution to the study.

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Compliance with Ethical Requirements

All institutional, national and international ethical guidelines for the patients were followed.

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, 80078, Naples, Italy

      Debora Paris, Dominique Melck & Andrea Motta

    2. Section of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital S. Maria della Pietà, Casoria, 80026, Naples, Italy

      Mauro Maniscalco & Anna Zedda

    3. Department of Respiratory Medicine A.O. Dei Colli, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy

      Maria D’Amato, Nunzia Sorrentino & Matteo Sofia

    Authors
    1. Debora Paris
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    2. Mauro Maniscalco
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    3. Dominique Melck
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    4. Maria D’Amato
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    5. Nunzia Sorrentino
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    6. Anna Zedda
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    7. Matteo Sofia
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    8. Andrea Motta
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    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Andrea Motta.

    Additional information

    Debora Paris, Mauro Maniscalco, and Dominique Melck contributed equally to this work.

    Matteo Sofia passed away untimely on September 17, 2013.

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    Paris, D., Maniscalco, M., Melck, D. et al. Inflammatory metabolites in exhaled breath condensate characterize the obese respiratory phenotype. Metabolomics 11, 1934–1939 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-015-0805-8

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-015-0805-8

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