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Removal of BrO3 − from drinking water samples using newly developed agricultural waste-based activated carbon and its determination by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

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Abstract

Activated carbon was prepared from date pits via chemical activation with H3PO4. The effects of activating agent concentration and activation temperature on the yield and surface area were studied. The optimal activated carbon was prepared at 450 °C using 55 % H3PO4. The prepared activated carbon was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area. The prepared date pit-based activated carbon (DAC) was used for the removal of bromate (BrO3 −). The concentration of BrO3 − was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass tandem spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The experimental equilibrium data for BrO3 − adsorption onto DAC was well fitted to the Langmuir isotherm model and showed maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 25.64 mg g−1. The adsorption kinetics of BrO3 − adsorption was very well represented by the pseudo-first-order equation. The analytical application of DAC for the analysis of real water samples was studied with very promising results.

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Acknowledgments

This project was funded by the National Plan for Science, Technology and Innovation (MAARIFAH), King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Award Number 12-WAT3138-02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Bldg. #5, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Mu. Naushad, Mohammad R. Khan, Zeid A. ALOthman, Ibrahim AlSohaimi, Turki M. Turki & Rahmat Ali

  2. Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Química Inorganica, Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain

    Francisco Rodriguez-Reinoso

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  1. Mu. Naushad
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  2. Mohammad R. Khan
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Correspondence to Mu. Naushad.

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Responsible editor: Angeles Blanco

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Naushad, M., Khan, M.R., ALOthman, Z.A. et al. Removal of BrO3 − from drinking water samples using newly developed agricultural waste-based activated carbon and its determination by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 15853–15865 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4786-y

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