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Inoculation with endophytic Bacillus megaterium H3 increases Cd phytostabilization and alleviates Cd toxicity to hybrid pennisetum in Cd-contaminated aquatic environments

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Abstract

A hydroponic culture experiment was performed to investigate the effects of endophytic Bacillus megaterium H3 on the plant biomass, Cd accumulation and tolerance of hybrid pennisetum, and the mechanisms involved in the different levels of Cd-contaminated aquatic environments. Strain H3 significantly increased the plant growth (ranging from 13 to 71 %) and total Cd uptake (ranging from 41 to 160 %) but decreased Cd translocation factors of hybrid pennisetum treated with 0–20 μM Cd compared with the controls. Furthermore, most of Cd (71–77 %) was accumulated in the roots of the bacterial-inoculated hybrid pennisetum. Notably, strain H3 could significantly increase the production of oxalic and propanedioic acids (ranging from 18 to 188 %) but decrease the production of phytochelatins of hybrid pennisetum compared to the controls under different levels of Cd stress. The live bacterial-induced increase in organic acid production and decrease in phytochelatins production by hybrid pennisetum might be responsible for the increased plant growth, root Cd accumulation, and Cd toxicity alleviation of the plant under different levels of Cd stress. The results highlight that hybrid pennisetum plus endophytic B. megaterium H3 may be utilized for biomass production and Cd phytostabilization of the plant in the different levels of Cd-contaminated aquatic environments.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (41471273) and Social Development Program of Jiangsu Province (BE2013710, BE2016744).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People’s Republic of China

    Ya Li, Hui Han, Lin Yan He, Qi Wang & Xia Fang Sheng

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  1. Ya Li
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  2. Hui Han
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  3. Lin Yan He
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  4. Qi Wang
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  5. Xia Fang Sheng
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Correspondence to Xia Fang Sheng.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Li, Y., Han, H., He, L.Y. et al. Inoculation with endophytic Bacillus megaterium H3 increases Cd phytostabilization and alleviates Cd toxicity to hybrid pennisetum in Cd-contaminated aquatic environments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 1416–1423 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7930-4

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