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Sublethal dose of deltamethrin damage the midgut cells of the mayfly Callibaetis radiatus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

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Abstract

In insects, the midgut performs multiple physiologic functions (e.g., digestion and nutrients absorption) and serves as a physical/chemical barrier against pathogens and chemical stressors such as deltamethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, commonly used in insect control that are agricultural pests and human disease vectors. Here, we described the midgut cell ultrastructure of Callibaetis radiatus nymphs, which are bioindicators of water quality and the ultrastructural alterations in midgut under sublethal exposure to deltamethrin at three different periods (1, 12, 24 h). The digestive cells of deltamethrin-unexposed nymphs had long microvilli, many mitochondria in the apical cytoplasm, a rough endoplasmic reticulum, a basal labyrinth with openings for hemocele, and the midgut peritrophic matrix which is classified as type I. Nymphs exposed to deltamethrin exhibited digestive cells rich in autophagic vacuoles, basal labyrinth loss, and microvilli disorganization since the first hour of contact with deltamethrin. However, these midgut tissues underwent to autophagic cellular recovery along the 24 h of exposure to deltamethrin. Thus, the sublethal exposure to deltamethrin is sufficient to disturb the ultrastructure of C. radiatus midgut, which might reduce the abilities of these insects to survive in aquatic environments contaminated by pyrethroids.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are grateful to the Center of Microscopy and Microanalyses from UFV for technical assistance. We also would like to thank Karen Salazar Niño for her excellent technical assistance and Dr. Ana L. Salaro for providing free access to the fish-farming installations.

Funding

This research was supported by Brazilian Research Agencies: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais FAPEMIG.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil

    Helen Pinto Santos & José Eduardo Serrão

  2. Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, São João Evangelista, MG, 39705-000, Brazil

    Helen Pinto Santos

  3. Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, D48149, Münster, Germany

    Yeisson Gutiérrez

  4. Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-000, Brazil

    Yeisson Gutiérrez & Eugênio Eduardo Oliveira

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  1. Helen Pinto Santos
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  2. Yeisson Gutiérrez
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  3. Eugênio Eduardo Oliveira
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  4. José Eduardo Serrão
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Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: HPS, EEO, YG, and JES. Performed the experiments: YG and HPS. Analyzed the data: HPS, EEO, and JES. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EEO and JES. Wrote the paper: HPS, EEO, YG, and JES.

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Correspondence to José Eduardo Serrão.

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The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of the present study are available within the article and from the corresponding author upon request.

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Santos, H.P., Gutiérrez, Y., Oliveira, E.E. et al. Sublethal dose of deltamethrin damage the midgut cells of the mayfly Callibaetis radiatus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae). Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 1418–1427 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0569-y

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