Abstract
Lead, toxic heavy metal of global concern, induces toxicity in various organs via oxidative stress. Thereby, in this study, the protective role of curcumin against lead acetate-induced toxicity was evaluated. Thirty-two male albino rats were allocated equally into four groups and orally administered with corn oil as a vehicle (Cont.), curcumin (CUR) (400 mg/kg bw), lead acetate (LA) (100 mg/kg bw), and lead acetate plus curcumin (LA + CUR). All rats had received their treatments daily for 4 weeks. The results revealed that LA toxicity induced normocytic normochromic anemia with significant leukocytosis and lymphocytosis. Moreover, LA-intoxicated rats showed a marked elevation in the liver enzyme activities, serum cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. In contrast, sero-immunological parameters, total protein, albumin, globulin, and testosterone levels were significantly reduced compared to the control rats. Additionally, LA-induced hepatic and testicular oxidative damage revealed by marked increased in MDA level with prominent reduction in the antioxidant system. The gene expression of the hepatic pro-inflammatory markers and testicular steroidogenic biomarkers including LHR and aromatase were significantly upregulated; meanwhile, the expressions of testicular StAR, CYP17a, 3B-HDS, SR-B1, and P450SCC were significantly downregulated in the LA-intoxicated group. Curcumin treatment could partially improve the hematological, biochemical, and histopathological alterations induced by LA. Also, it was observed that curcumin significantly restored hepatic pro-inflammatory markers and testicular steroidogenic enzymes. In conclusion, curcumin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects and is able to minimize the LA-induced oxidative damage in rats.
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Abbreviations
- 3B-HSD :
-
3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
- ALP :
-
Alkaline phosphatase
- ALT :
-
Alanine aminotransferase
- AST :
-
Aspartate aminotransferase
- CAT :
-
Catalase
- Cont. :
-
Normal
- CUR :
-
Curcumin
- CYP17a :
-
Cytochrome P450c17 subfamily a
- GSH :
-
Glutathione
- Hb :
-
Hemoglobin
- IgA:
-
Immunoglobulin A
- IgG:
-
Immunoglobulin G
- IgM:
-
Immunoglobulin M
- IL-1β :
-
Interleukin-1β
- IL-6 :
-
Interleukin-6
- Lead acetate:
-
LA
- LHR :
-
Luteinizing hormone receptor
- MDA :
-
Malondialdehyde
- P450SCC :
-
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme
- RBCs :
-
Red blood cell count
- SOD :
-
Superoxide dismutase
- SR-B1 :
-
Scavenger receptor class B type 1
- StAR :
-
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein
- TLC :
-
Total leukocytic count
- TNF-α :
-
Tumor necrosis factor-α
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The authors are very grateful to the Departments of Clinical Pathology, Pathology, and Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development for their support and encouragement during this study.
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Abdelhamid, F.M., Mahgoub, H.A. & Ateya, A.I. Ameliorative effect of curcumin against lead acetate–induced hemato-biochemical alterations, hepatotoxicity, and testicular oxidative damage in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 10950–10965 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07718-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07718-3