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The asymmetric effect of tourism, financial development, and globalization on ecological footprint in Turkey

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Abstract

With the growing interest among researchers in analyzing the ecological footprint of any country, this study focuses on new dimensions to analyze the long-run and short-run asymmetric impact of tourism, financial development, and globalization on ecological footprint in Turkey by using Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag model for the period from 1986 to 2018. Further, the EKC hypothesis was also tested. The results show that tourism, globalization, and financial development are positively and significantly associated with the EFP. This means that the increase in these variables will further increase the ecological footprint in Turkey. The U-shaped EKC curve was found to be valid in Turkey. The results also depict nonlinear and asymmetric association among most of the variables. Hence, based on the results, further research directions and practical implications can be suggested.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bahria University Karachi Campus, Karachi, Pakistan

    Danish Iqbal Godil

  2. Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Changlun, Malaysia

    Arshian Sharif

  3. Department of Management Sciences, Eman Institute of Management and Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan

    Arshian Sharif

  4. Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Technology, Larkana Campus, Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan

    Saima Rafique

  5. Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Kittisak Jermsittiparsert

  6. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Kittisak Jermsittiparsert

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  1. Danish Iqbal Godil
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  2. Arshian Sharif
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  4. Kittisak Jermsittiparsert
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Godil, D.I., Sharif, A., Rafique, S. et al. The asymmetric effect of tourism, financial development, and globalization on ecological footprint in Turkey. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 40109–40120 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09937-0

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