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Effect of zinc-resistant Lysinibacillus species inoculation on growth, physiological properties, and zinc uptake in maize (Zea mays L.)

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Abstract

Soil contamination by heavy metals is one of the major abiotic stresses that cause retarded plant growth and low productivity. Among the heavy metals, excessive accumulations of zinc (Zn) cause toxicity to plants. The toxicity caused by Zn could be managed by application of Zn-tolerant plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria. In this study, five Zn-tolerant bacteria (100–400 mg−1 Zn resistant) were selected and identified as Lysinibacillus spp. based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The PGP properties of the Lysinibacillus spp. showed the production of indole acetic acid (60.0–84.0 μg/ml) and siderophore, as well as solubilization of potassium. Furthermore, the isolates were evaluated under greenhouse condition with 2 g kg−1 Zn stress and without Zn stress along with control on Zea mays. The results showed that Lysinibacillus spp. coated seeds enhanced plant growth attributes and biomass yield in both conditions compared with control plants. The enhancement of root growth ranged from 49.2 to 148.6% and shoot length from 83.3 to 111.7% under Zn-stressed soils. Also, the inoculated seedlings substantially enhanced chlorophyll a and b, proline, total phenol, and ascorbic acid. The uptake of Zn by maize root ranged from 31.5 to 210.0% compared with control plants. Therefore, this study suggested that the tested Zn-tolerant Lysinibacillus spp. may be used for cultivation of Z. mays in Zn-contaminated agricultural lands.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the constant support provided by UTU management and Director, CGBIBT, and access to necessary facilities to carry out the work. The authors also thank GSBTM for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Mahuva Sugar Factory, Mahuva for physicochemical studies.

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  1. C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Maliba Campus, Bardoli, Surat, Gujarat, 394350, India

    Hardik Naik Jinal, Kachhadiya Gopi & Natarajan Amaresan

  2. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay College of Horticulture & Forestry, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Tirhut College Campus, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, 843121, India

    Krishna Kumar

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  1. Hardik Naik Jinal
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  2. Kachhadiya Gopi
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  3. Krishna Kumar
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  4. Natarajan Amaresan
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NA and KK, designed the study and wrote the manuscript; HJN and KG, performed the experiments; HJN, analyzed the data.

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Correspondence to Krishna Kumar or Natarajan Amaresan.

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Jinal, H.N., Gopi, K., Kumar, K. et al. Effect of zinc-resistant Lysinibacillus species inoculation on growth, physiological properties, and zinc uptake in maize (Zea mays L.). Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 6540–6548 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10998-4

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