Abstract
Nowadays, due to the most application of montmorillonite, its purification from raw bentonite has great importance. More than 76% of bentonite is composed of montmorillonite, and its industrial applications are related to its montmorillonite content. In this study, the nanoclay was extracted from bentonite by the use of centrifugal force. The results of the field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis show that the nanosized of purified montmorillonite has a sheet structure with a spacing of 22.41 nm and 45.0 nm. The sharp peaks in X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) illustrated that the montmorillonite purified successfully, and the results of Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR) revealed the successful incorporation of the metabolic extraction within the montmorillonite. By comparison of Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) results with IUPAC, it can be realized that the synthesized montmorillonite nanoclay has a microporous structure (< 2 nm) with a surface area of 11.325 m2 g−1. According to IUPAC classification, the BET isotherms of montmorillonite and bentonite indicate a hysteresis loop belonging to the type H3. Finally, the economic analysis results revealed to this method could be the best option for achieving high purity montmorillonite for future applications.
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The datasets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Financial support and sponsorship from the Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil), and Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil) are acknowledged.
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Zahra Biglari Quchan Atigh: Conducted experimental verification, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript
Ava Heidari: Contributed to the research idea and designed the study
Alireza Karimi: Contributed to the conception of the study
Mohammad Ali Pezhman: Helped the cost analysis through constructive discussions
Behnam Asgari Lajayer: Prepared, edited, and submitted the manuscript
Eder Claudio Lima: Helped perform the analysis with constructive discussions and revised the article
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Biglari Quchan Atigh, Z., Heidari, A., Karimi, A. et al. Purification and economic analysis of nanoclay from bentonite. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 13690–13696 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11595-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11595-1