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Ecofriendly application of coconut coir (Cocos nucifera) extract for silk dyeing

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Abstract

The worldwide resurgence of natural dyes in all fields is due to the carcinogenic effects of effluent loads shed by synthetic industries. Coconut coir (Cocos nucifera) containing tannin as a source of natural colorants has been selected for coloration of bio-mordanted silk under the influence of ultrasonic radiations at various dyeing conditions. For extraction of tannin dye from cocos powder, different media were employed, and dyeing variables such as dyeing time, dye bath pH, dyeing bath temperature, and the effect of salts on dyeing were optimized. For achieving new shades with excellent color characteristics, bio-mordants in comparison with chemical mordants were employed. It has been found that acid-solubilized extract after ultrasonic treatment for 45 min has yielded high color strength, when coconut coir extract of 4 pH from 6g of cocos powder, containing 5g/100mL salt solution as exhaust agent, was used to dye silk at 75°C for 65 min. Among bio-mordants turmeric (K/S=13.828) and among chemical mordants iron has shown excellent results (K/S=2.0856). Physiochemical analysis of fabric before and after US treatment shows that there is no change in the chemical structure of the fabric. It is found that ultrasonic waves have excellent potential to isolate the colorant followed by dyeing and environmental friendly mordanting at optimal conditions, but also the usage of herbal-based plant anchors, i.e., bio-mordants, has made the natural dyeing process more sustainable and clean.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are highly thankful to UNESCO for providing funding via PhosAgro/UNESCO/IUPAC/GCUF Project No. 128 to carry out this part of study.

Funding

This work has been funded by PhosAgro/UNESCO/IUPAC/GCUF Project No. 128.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Shahid Adeel, Shumaila Kiran & Sajid Raza Habib

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Shahid

  3. Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Noman Habib & Muhammad Hussaan

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  1. Shahid Adeel
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  2. Shumaila Kiran
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  3. Muhammad Shahid
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  4. Sajid Raza Habib
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  5. Noman Habib
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  6. Muhammad Hussaan
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Contributions

Dr Shumaila Kiran is the supervisor, while Dr Shahid Adeel is co-supervisor of the work in whose lab practical work has been done. Mr Sajid Raza Habib and Muhammad Hussaan has jointly conducted the experiments of extraction, conditions, and mordanting, whereas Dr Noman Habib and Dr Muhammad Shahid have analyzed the data of the work critically and technically for smooth running of experiments.

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Correspondence to Shumaila Kiran.

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Adeel, ., Kiran, S., Shahid, M. et al. Ecofriendly application of coconut coir (Cocos nucifera) extract for silk dyeing. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 564–572 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-15669-6

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