Abstract
The increasing use of plastic over the last few decades has had an impact of plastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Plastic pollutions may be in the form of microplastics either from primary or secondary sources. These microplastics will indirectly affect human health through the food chain. This research was aimed at evaluating the interaction between microplastic and microalgae that are a source of food supplements. The experiment was conducted by investigating the impact of microplastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) on microalga Spirulina sp. cultivated in fresh water and saline water (7 ppt salinity) for 14 days. The growth rate and morphology of Spirulina sp. and PET were evaluated. The result showed that the presence of PET and salinity decreased Spirulina sp. growth rate in cultivation by 0.174 day−1 and reduced nutrient removal rates. However, the salinity system on medium-added PET was indicated that there are influences of Spirulina sp. against PET, where PET can be degraded by Spirulina sp. in the state of water with a salinity 7 ppt. FTIR graphic seems if there is any peak declination within PET augmentation in media with 0 ppt salinization. Nonetheless, the peak augmentation happened within PET augmentation in media with 7 ppt salinity. This signifies if there is an augmentation of PET salinization can be degraded by Spirulina sp. as the polysaccharide sources. PET is resistant to degradation due to its aromatic group. Based on the results scanning electron microscope (SEM), Spirulina sp. which growth with PET had a more uneven shape compared with a control variable.
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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
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01 December 2021
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17876-7
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This research was funded by Ministry of Culture and Education under World Class Research grant No 201-07/UN.7.6.1/PP/2021.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by H.H. The first draft of the manuscript was written by H.H., A.K., M.M., I.D.. Quality control of the data and statistical analyses were performed by Z.P and M.N.F. Finally, F.H and N.A supervised the findings of this work and all authors contributed to the interpretation of the results. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Hadiyanto, H., Muslihuddin, M., Khoironi, A. et al. The effect of salinity on the interaction between microplastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and microalgae Spirulina sp.. Environ Sci Pollut Res 29, 7877–7887 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16286-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-16286-z