How to promote Chinese primary and secondary school teachers to use ICT to develop high-quality teaching activities

Abstract

In China, teachers’ ability to adopt information and communication technology (ICT) when teaching is far from satisfying. Previous studies on teachers’ ability to integrate ICT and teaching in China ignored the factors in the process of teachers’ ICT application and lacked the systematic analysis of the factors. ICT application is affected by complex factors and thus needs to be systematically explored. This study surveyed 3730 Chinese primary and secondary school teachers, and adopted the environment-based design, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling to analyze the factors influencing teachers’ usage of ICT to develop teaching activities and proposed a model of the influencing factors of ICT usage. This model indicated that application willingness, application frequency, ICT-based teaching competence, helpfulness degree and application context are the five major factors that influence teachers’ usage of ICT to develop high-quality teaching activities. According to the status of teachers’ ICT application in China, this study suggested strengthening teachers’ willingness and enriching application contexts of ICT. Implications of this study will be discussed.

Appendix: Questionnaire on the status of teachers’ ICT application in primary and secondary schools

一、基本信息:请填写您的基本信息 (Basic information: Please fill in your basic information.)

1. 学校名称 (School name): ( )

2. 地址 (Address): ( )省 (Province) ( )市 (City) ( )区 (District)

3. 性别 (Gender): 男 (Male)( )女 (Female)( )

4. 学科 (Subject): ( )

5. 年级 (Grade): ( )

二、教师信息技术应用现状:请根据您的实际情况在对应的数字上打钩 (The status of teachers’ ICT application: Please tick the corresponding number according to your actual situation.)

题项 (Item)	非常不同意 (Strongly disagree)	不同意 (Disagree)	不确定 (Neither agree nor disagree)	同意 (Agree)	非常同意 (Strongly agree)
在教学中,我愿意使用多媒体设备。 (I like to use multimedia devices in teaching.)	1	2	3	4	5
在教学中,我愿意使用数字化教学资源。 (I like to use digital resources in teaching.)	1	2	3	4	5
在教学中,我愿意使用学科软件工具。 (I like to use disciplinary software in teaching.)	1	2	3	4	5
在教学中,我愿意使用信息化课堂管理系统。 (I like to use ICT-based management systems in teaching.)	1	2	3	4	5
网络课程在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use online courses in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
教学资源库在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use teaching resources from digital libraries in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
学术文献在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use academic literature in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
教学视频案例在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use teaching videos in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
微课在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use micro-lessons in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
网络教学平台在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use online teaching platforms in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
教学资源管理平台在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use information management platforms in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
教学资源共享平台在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use resource-sharing platforms in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
智能教学系统在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use intelligent teaching systems in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
远程视频会议系统在我的教师交流活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use video conference systems while communicating with other teachers.)	1	2	3	4	5
教学系统/平台在我的教师交流活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use teaching systems/platforms while communicating with other teachers.)	1	2	3	4	5
协同教学系统在我的教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use collaborative teaching systems in my teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
远程视频会议在我的协同教学活动中的应用比例很高。 (I often use video conferences in my collaborative teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
我应用信息技术开展教学活动的能力很高。 (I am competent to use ICT to develop teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
我的同事应用信息技术开展教学活动的能力很高。 (My colleagues are competent to use ICT to develop teaching activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
我应用信息技术开展教研活动的能力很高。 (I am competent to use ICT to develop teaching research activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
我的同事应用信息技术开展教研活动的能力很高。 (My colleagues are competent to use ICT to develop teaching research activities.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在备课环节中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to my lesson preparation.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在课堂教学中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to my classroom teaching.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在课堂管理中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to my classroom management.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在教学实验中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to my teaching experiments.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在课外辅导中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to my after-school tutoring.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在教学评价中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to my teaching assessment.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在教师交流讨论中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to teachers’ communication.)	1	2	3	4	5
信息技术在协同教学中对我的帮助很大。 (ICT is very helpful to collaborative teaching.)	1	2	3	4	5
我经常在课前使用数字化教学系统。 (I often use digital teaching systems before class.)	1	2	3	4	5
我经常在课堂中使用数字化教学系统。 (I often use digital teaching systems during class.)	1	2	3	4	5
我经常在课后使用数字化教学系统。 (I often use digital teaching systems after class.)	1	2	3	4	5
我经常在课前使用学科工具或学科教学软件。 (I often use disciplinary tools or teaching software before class.)	1	2	3	4	5
我经常在课中使用学科工具或学科教学软件。 (I often use disciplinary tools or teaching software during class.)	1	2	3	4	5
我经常在课后使用学科工具或学科教学软件。 (I often use disciplinary tools or teaching software after class.)	1	2	3	4	5