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Novel Nanomaterials for Clinical Neuroscience

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Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and stroke are rapidly increasing as population ages. The field of nanomedicine is rapidly expanding and promises revolutionary advances to the diagnosis and treatment of devastating human diseases. This paper provides an overview of novel nanomaterials that have potential to improve diagnosis and therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. Examples include liposomes, nanoparticles, polymeric micelles, block ionomer complexes, nanogels, and dendrimers that have been tested clinically or in experimental models for delivery of drugs, genes, and imaging agents. More recently discovered nanotubes and nanofibers are evaluated as promising scaffolds for neuroregeneration. Novel experimental neuroprotective strategies also include nanomaterials, such as fullerenes, which have antioxidant properties to eliminate reactive oxygen species in the brain to mitigate oxidative stress. Novel technologies to enable these materials to cross the blood brain barrier will allow efficient systemic delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents to the brain. Furthermore, by combining such nanomaterials with cell-based delivery strategies, the outcomes of neurodegenerative disorders can be greatly improved.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the grants from the National Institutes of Health RO1 NS36229, RO1 NS051335, RO1 CA89225, and RO1 CA116591, the National Science Foundation DMR 0513699, and the US Department of Defense USAMRMC 06108004 (all to AVK). The paper has been conceived and developed by the authors during the Polymer Therapeutics course taught in Spring 2007 in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program (PSGP) as part of the extension of this training program at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (course coordinators A. V. Kabanov and T. K. Bronich).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA

    Xiang Yi & Alexander V. Kabanov

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986025 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA

    Jamie L. Gilmore & Lingdong Quan

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  1. Jamie L. Gilmore
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  2. Xiang Yi
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  3. Lingdong Quan
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  4. Alexander V. Kabanov
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Correspondence to Alexander V. Kabanov.

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Jamie L. Gilmore and Xiang Yi made equal contributions.

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Gilmore, J.L., Yi, X., Quan, L. et al. Novel Nanomaterials for Clinical Neuroscience. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 3, 83–94 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-007-9099-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-007-9099-6

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