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Part III. The tensile behavior of Ti-Al-Nb O+Bcc orthorhombic alloys

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Abstract

The tensile behavior of Ti-Al-Nb alloys with Al concentrations between 12 and 26 at. pct and Nb concentrations between 22 and 38 at. pct has been investigated for temperatures between 25 °C and 650 °C. Several microstructural features were evaluated in an attempt to identify microstructure-property relationships. In particular, the effects of the phase volume fraction, composition, morphology, and grain size were examined. In addition, the constitutive properties were evaluated using single-phase microstructures, and the results provided insight into the microstructure-property relationships of the two-phase orthorhombic (O)+body-centered-cubic (bcc) microstructures. The disordered fully-bcc (β) Ti-12Al-38Nb microstructure, produced through heat treatment above the β-transus, exhibited a room-temperature (RT) elongation of more than 27 pct and the lowest yield strength (YS-553 MPa) of all the alloys studied. The ordered fully-bcc (B2) microstructures, produced through supertransus heat treatment of near-Ti2AlNb alloys, exhibited fracture strengths up to 672 MPa and low elongations-to-failure (ε f≤0.6 pct). Thus, increasing the Al content, which favors ordering of the bcc structure, significantly reduces the ductility of the bcc phase. Similar to the ordered B2 microstructure, the ordered fully-O Ti2AlNb microstructures exhibited intermediate RT strength (≤704 MPa) and ε f (≤1 pct). The O+bcc microstructures tended to exhibit strengths greater than both the fully-O and fully-bcc microstructures, and this was attributed to the finer grain sizes in the two-phase microstructures compared to their single-phase counterparts. A RT of 1125 MPa was measured for the finest-grained two-phase microstructure. The O+bcc microstructures containing greater bcc-phase volume fractions tended to exhibit greater elongations yet poorer elevated-temperature strengths. A higher Al content typically resulted in larger elevated-temperature strengths. For the Ti-12Al-38Nb bcc-dominated microstructures, fine O platelets, which precipitated during aging, provided significant strengthening and a reduction in ε f for the Ti-12Al-38Nb alloy. However, large RT elongations (ε f>12 pct) were maintained for aged Ti-12Al-38Nb microstructures, which contained 28 vol pct O phase. Morphology did not appear to play a dominant role, as fully-lath and fully-equiaxed two-phase microstructures containing the same phase volume fractions exhibited similar RT tensile properties. The slip and cracking observations provided evidence for the ductile and brittle characteristics of the single-phase microstructures, and the slip compatibility exhibited between the two phases is an important part of why O+bcc microstructures achieve attractive strengths and elongations. The YS vs temperature behavior is discussed in light of other Ti-alloy systems.

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  1. C. J. Boehlert (postdoctoral research associate, Assistant Professor)

    Present address: Los Alamos National Laboratory, 87545, Los Alamos, NM

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  1. New York State College of Ceramics, School of Ceramic Engineering and Materials Science, 2 Pine Street, 14802, Alfred, NY

    C. J. Boehlert (postdoctoral research associate, Assistant Professor)

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Boehlert, C.J. Part III. The tensile behavior of Ti-Al-Nb O+Bcc orthorhombic alloys. Metall Mater Trans A 32, 1977–1988 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-001-0010-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-001-0010-4

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