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Observations of Facet Formation in Near-α Titanium and Comments on the Role of Hydrogen

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Abstract

Faceted features are frequently observed on the fracture surfaces of titanium alloys that have failed by static loading, continuous cycling, dwell fatigue loading, and stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Although the facets formed under different loading conditions seem qualitatively similar, there are significant differences in the spatial and crystallographic orientations of the facets as well as subtle differences in facet surface topography. The current study compares and contrasts facets for various loading conditions (cyclic, creep, SCC, and dwell) in the Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy with the primary motivation being to understand the mechanisms of crack initiation and faceted growth during dwell fatigue. The spatial and crystallographic orientations of the facets were determined using quantitative tilt fractography and electron backscatter diffraction, whereas facet topography was examined using ultra-high-resolution scanning electron microscopy. Collectively, the experimental observations suggest that hydrogen may play an important role in facet formation and accelerating small crack growth rates during dwell fatigue loading.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded partially by the Federal Aviation Administration (Grant 08-G-009) and the Office of Naval Research (Contract No. N00014-06-1-0089). One of the authors (A.L.P.) acknowledges support and encouragement of the Air Force Research Laboratory management and Air Force Contract No. FA8650-07-D-5800 during the preparation of this manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Dr. S. Fox (Timet, Henderson, NV) for providing the bar material used in this study and to Dr. A. Bhattacharjee (Defence Metallurgical Research Lab, Hyderabad, India) for his assistance with sample preparation and measuring the texture of the as-received bar. The authors appreciate the useful discussions related to fatigue and fracture of titanium alloys with Dr. M.C. Brandes (OSU) and the assistance of J. Foltz and A. Young (OSU) with electric discharge machining and stress corrosion cracking experiments, respectively. Finally, the authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. E. Medina and S. Putthanarat (Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH) for performing the X-ray computed tomography investigation.

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  1. A. L. Pilchak (Graduate Research Associate, Visiting Scientist, Research Scientist)

    Present address: Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Metals Processing Group, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45432, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    A. L. Pilchak (Graduate Research Associate, Visiting Scientist, Research Scientist) & J. C. Williams (Professor and Honda Chair Emeritus)

  2. Universal Technology Corporation, Dayton, OH, 45433, USA

    A. L. Pilchak (Graduate Research Associate, Visiting Scientist, Research Scientist)

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  1. A. L. Pilchak
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Correspondence to A. L. Pilchak.

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Manuscript submitted April 2, 2010.

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Pilchak, A.L., Williams, J.C. Observations of Facet Formation in Near-α Titanium and Comments on the Role of Hydrogen. Metall Mater Trans A 42, 1000–1027 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-010-0507-9

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