Abstract
Further improvements to the modified quasichemical model in the pair approximation for short-range ordering in liquid and solid solutions are presented. The energy of pair formation is expanded in terms of the pair fractions rather than the component fractions, and coordination numbers are permitted to vary with composition. A formalism is introduced whereby the quasichemical equations are shown to be equivalent to the equations of an associate model if the pairs are formally treated as fractional associates. The model is applied to the liquid phase in a new optimization of the KCl-MgCl2 system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.D. Pelton and M. Blander: Proc. AIME Symp. on Molten Salts and Slags, Nevada, 1984, L. Tahoe, ed., TMS-AIME, Warrendale, PA, 1984, pp. 281–94.
A.D. Pelton and M. Blander: Metall. Trans. B, 1986, vol. 17B, pp. 805–15.
M. Blander and A.D. Pelton: Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 1987, vol. 51, pp. 85–95.
A.D. Pelton and M. Blander: CALPHAD, 1988, vol. 12, pp. 97–108.
R.H. Fowler and E.A. Guggenheim: Statistical Thermodynamics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1939, pp. 350–66.
F. Kongoli, Y. Dessureault, and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1998, vol. 29B, pp. 591–601.
F. Kongoli and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1999, vol. 30B, pp. 443–50.
P. Chartrand and A.D. Pelton: J. Phase Equilibria, 1994, vol. 15, pp. 591–605.
S. Degterov and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1999, vol. 30B, pp. 661–70.
G. Eriksson, P. Wu, and A.D. Pelton: CALPHAD, 1993, vol. 17, pp. 189–206.
P. Wu, G. Eriksson, A.D. Pelton, and M. Blander: Iron Steel Inst. Jpn. J., 1993, vol. 33, pp. 25–34.
G. Eriksson and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Trans. B, 1993, vol. 24B, pp. 795–805.
G. Eriksson and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Trans. B, 1993, vol. 24B, pp. 807–16.
P. Wu, G. Eriksson, and A.D. Pelton: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1993, vol. 76, pp. 2059–64.
P. Wu, G. Eriksson, and A.D. Pelton: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1993, vol. 76, pp. 2065–75.
G. Eriksson, P. Wu, M. Blander, and A.D. Pelton: Can. Met. Q., 1994, vol. 33, pp. 13–22.
S. Degterov and A.D. Pelton: J. Phase Equilibria, 1996, vol. 17, pp. 488–94.
S. Degterov and A.D. Pelton: J. Phase Equilibria, 1996, vol. 17, pp. 476–87.
S. Degterov and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 1997, vol. 28B, pp. 235–42.
E. Jak, S. Degterov, P. Wu, P. Hayes, and A.D. Pelton: Metall. Mater. Trans., 1997, vol. 27B, pp. 1011–18.
E. Jak, S. Degterov, P. Hayes, and A.D. Pelton: Can. Metall. Q., 1998, vol. 37, pp. 41–47.
M. Blander: private communication, Argonne National Laboratories, Argonne, IL, 1976.
M. Blander: private communication, Argonne National Laboratories, 1985.
W. Klemm, K. Beyersdorfer, and J. Oryschkewitsch: Z. Anorg. Allgem. Chem., 1948, vol. 256, pp. 25–36.
K. Grjotheim, J.L. Holm, and M. Rotnes: Acta Chem. Scand., 1972, vol. 26, pp. 3802–03.
G.S. Perry and H. Fletcher: J. Phase Equilibria, 1993, vol. 14, pp. 172–78.
T. Ostvold: High Temp. Sci., 1972, vol. 4, pp. 51–81.
J.J. Egan and J. Bracker: J. Chem. Therm., 1974, vol. 6, pp. 9–16.
D.E. Neil, H.M. Clark, and R.H. Wiswall: J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1965, vol. 10, pp. 21–24.
H. Ikeuchi and C. Krohn: Acta Chem. Scand., 1969, vol. 23, pp. 2230–40.
O.J. Kleppa and F.G. McCarty: J. Phys. Chem., 1966, vol. 70, pp. 1249–55.
C.W. Bale, A.D. Pelton, and W.T. Thompson: F*A*C*T (Facility for the Analysis of Chemical Thermodynamics), www.crct.polymtl.ca, 1999.
J.L. Holm, B.J. Holm, B. Rinnan, and F. Gronvold: J. Chem. Therm., 1973, vol. 5, pp. 97–106.
H.J. Seifert and J. Uebach: J. Solid State Chem., 1985, vol. 59, pp. 86–94.
J.L. Holm: Acta Chem. Scand., 1973, vol. 27, pp. 361–63.
R. Lück, U. Gerling, and B. Predel: Z. Metallkd., 1989, vol. 80, pp. 270–75.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This article is based on a presentation made at “The Milton Blander Symposium on Thermodynamic Predictions and Applications” at the TMS Annual Meeting in San Diego, California, on March 1–2, 1999, under the auspices of the TMS Extraction and Processing Division and the ASM Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibrium Committee.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pelton, A.D., Degterov, S.A., Eriksson, G. et al. The modified quasichemical model I—Binary solutions. Metall Mater Trans B 31, 651–659 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-000-0103-2
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-000-0103-2