Skip to main content
Log in

Nanoparticles Modified ITO Based Biosensor

  • Published:
Journal of Electronic Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Incorporation of nanomaterials with controlled molecular architecture shows great promise in improving electronic communication between biomolecules and the electrode substrate. In electrochemical applications metal nanoparticles (NPs) modified electrodes have been widely used and are emerging as candidates to develop highly sensitive electrochemical sensors. There has been a growing technological interest in modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes due to their prominent optoelectronic properties and their wide use as a transducing platform. The introduction of NPs into the transducing platform is commonly achieved by their adsorption onto conventional electrode surfaces in various forms, including that of a composite. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of metallic NPs for surface fabrication of ITO thin films leading to detection of specific biomolecules and applications as a biosensor platform.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. Lanzellotto, G. Favero, M.L. Antonelli, C. Tortolini, S. Cannistraro, E. Coppari, and F. Mazzei, Biosens. Bioelectron. 55, 430 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. D. Astruc, F. Lu, and J.R. Aranzaes, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 44, 7852 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. P.V. Kamat, J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 2834 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. G. Schmid, eds., Nanoparticles (Weinheim: Wiley, 2003).

    Google Scholar 

  5. S. Kinge, M. Crego-Calama, and D.N. Reinhoudt, ChemPhysChem 9, 20 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. D.F. Perepichka and F. Rosei, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 46, 6006 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. G.-I. Kim, K.-W. Kim, M.-K. Oh, and Y.-M. Sung, Biosens. Bioelectron. 25, 1717 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Y. Fu, F. Liang, H. Tian, and J. Hu, Electrochim. Acta 120, 314 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. M.A. Aziz, M. Oyama, A.H. Reshak, E. Gondek, P. Armatys, A. Shebl, I.V. Kityk, A. Wojciechowski, and W. Otowski, Phys. E Low Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 44, 1182 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. M.N. Sonuç Karaboğa, Ç.S. Şimşek, and M.K. Sezgintürk, Biosens. Bioelectron. 84, 22 (2015).

  11. J.-H. Lee, B.-K. Oh, and J.-W. Choi, Biosens. Bioelectron. 49, 531 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. L. Santos, C.M. Silveira, E. Elangovan, J.P. Neto, D. Nunes, L. Pereira, R. Martins, J. Viegas, J.J.G. Moura, S. Todorovic, M.G. Almeida, and E. Fortunato, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 223, 186 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Y. Yu, M. Guo, M. Yuan, W. Liu, and J. Hu, Biosens. Bioelectron. 77, 215 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Tyagi, M. Tomar, and V. Gupta, Biosens. Bioelectron. 41, 110 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. N. Chauhan and C.S. Pundir, Electrochim. Acta 67, 79 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Rawal and C.S. Pundir, Biochem. Eng. J. 71, 30 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. A.P.F. Turner, Chem. Soc. Rev. 42, 3184 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. M.Z.H. Khan, T. Nakanishi, and T. Osaka, Surf. Coatings Technol. 244, 189 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. T. Nakanishi, T. Ueno, M. Matsunaga, and H. Khan, Electroanalysis. 22, 393 (2010).

  20. Z. Hossain, T. Nakanishi, S. Kuroiwa, Y. Hoshi, and T. Osaka, Electrochim. Acta 56, 8657 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Z.H. Khan, T. Nakanishi, and T. Osaka, Sens. Lett. 9, 1849 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. P.M. Armistead and H.H. Thorp, Anal. Chem. 73, 558 (2001).

  23. Y. Zhang, B. Zhang, X. Ye, Y. Yan, L. Huang, Z. Jiang, S. Tan, and X. Cai, Mater. Sci. Eng. C 59, 577 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J. Deng, Y. Song, Y. Wang, and J. Di, Biosens. Bioelectron. 26, 615 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. E. Zor, I. Hatay Patir, H. Bingol, and M. Ersoz, Biosens. Bioelectron. 42, 321 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. A.R. Bizzarri, L. Andolfi, M. Taranta, and S. Cannistraro, Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 204 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. B.-X. Shi, Y. Wang, K. Zhang, T.-L. Lam, and H.L.-W. Chan, Biosens. Bioelectron. 26, 2917 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A.K. Yagati, T. Lee, J. Min, and J.-W. Choi, Biosens. Bioelectron. 47, 385 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. H.Y. Yue, H. Zhang, J. Chang, X. Gao, S. Huang, L.H. Yao, X.Y. Lin, and E.J. Guo, Anal. Biochem. 488, 22 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. H. Zeng, D.A.Y. Agyapong, C. Li, R. Zhao, H. Yang, C. Wu, Y. Jiang, and Y. Liu, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 221, 22 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. E. Moore, D. O’Connell, and P. Galvin, Thin Solid Films 515, 2612 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. T.-H. Kim, W.A. El-Said, J.H. An, and J.-W. Choi, Nanomedicine 9, 336 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  33. R. Wang, Y. Xu, C. Wang, H. Zhao, R. Wang, X. Liao, L. Chen, and G. Chen, Appl. Surf. Sci. 349, 805 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. K. Zhang, J. Wei, H. Zhu, F. Ma, and S. Wang, Mater. Res. Bull. 48, 1338 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. X. Zheng, S. Liu, X. Hua, F. Xia, D. Tian, and C. Zhou, Electrochim. Acta 167, 372 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. G. Doria, J. Conde, B. Veigas, L. Giestas, C. Almeida, M. Assunção, J. Rosa, and P.V. Baptista, Sensors 12, 1657 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. P.M. Tiwari, K. Vig, V.A. Dennis, and S.R. Singh, Nanomaterials 1, 31 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. J. Huang, C. Liu, H. Xiao, J. Wang, D. Jiang, and E. Gu, Int. J. Nanomed. 2, 775 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  39. A. Kaushik, R. Khan, P.R. Solanki, P. Pandey, J. Alam, S. Ahmad, and B.D. Malhotra, Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 676 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. F.N. Crespilho, R.M. Iost, S.A. Travain, O.N. Oliveira, and V. Zucolotto, Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 3073 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. K.-S. Loh, Y.H. Lee, A. Musa, A.A. Salmah, and I. Zamri, Sensors 8, 5775 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. R. Chauhan, B. Nagar, P.R. Solanki, and T. Basu, Mater. Focus 2, 316 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. J.I.A. Rashid, N.A. Yusof, J. Abdullah, U. Hashim, and R. Hajian, Mater. Sci. Eng. C. Mater. Biol. Appl. 45, 270 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. R. Khan, A. Kaushik, P.R. Solanki, A.A. Ansari, M.K. Pandey, and B.D. Malhotra, Anal. Chim. Acta 616, 207 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. P.R. Solanki, A. Kaushik, A.A. Ansari, and B.D. Malhotra, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 143901 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. S.M. Al-Hilli, R.T. Al-Mofarji, P. Klason, M. Willander, N. Gutman, and A. Sa’ar, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 143901 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. S.A. Kumar and S. Chen, Anal. Lett. 41, 141 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. M.M. Barsan and C.M.A. Brett, TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 79, 1 (2015).

  49. S. Sagadevan and M. Periasamy, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 36, 62 (2014).

  50. A. Sivanesan and S. A. John, Gold Nanoparticles Modified Electrodes for Biosensors (New York: NOVA Science Publishers, Inc, 2009).

  51. J. Du, X. Yu, Y. Wu, and J. Di, Mater. Sci. Eng. C. Mater. Biol. Appl. 33, 2031 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. X. Xu, G. Zhou, H. Li, Q. Liu, S. Zhang, and J. Kong, Talanta 78, 26 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. M.Z.H. Khan, Cogent Eng. 3, 1170097 (2016).

  54. F.N. Crespilho, M.E. Ghica, C. Gouveia-Caridade, O.N. Oliveira, and C.M.A. Brett, Talanta 76, 922 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. F.N. Crespilho, V. Zucolotto, C.M.A. Brett, O.N. Oliveira, and F.C. Nart, J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 17478 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. C. Yu, Y. Wang, L. Wang, Z. Zhu, N. Bao, and H. Gu, Colloids Surf. B. Biointerfaces 103, 231 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. S. Cao, L. Zhang, Y. Chai, and R. Yuan, Biosens. Bioelectron. 42, 532 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. X. Li, T. Ren, N. Wang, and X. Ji, Anal. Sci. 29, 473 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. S. Hou, Z. Ou, Q. Chen, and B. Wu, Biosens. Bioelectron. 33, 44 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. E.A. Dontsova, Y.S. Zeifman, I.A. Budashov, A.V. Eremenko, S.L. Kalnov, and I.N. Kurochkin, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 159, 261 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. P. Moravec, Mater. Sci. Appl. 2, 258 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  62. N.G. Semaltianos, Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 35, 105 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. A. Wongmekiat, Y. Tozuka, K. Moribe, T. Oguchi, and K. Yamamoto, Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 55, 359 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. H. Wang, X. Qiao, J. Chen, and S. Ding, Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 256, 111 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. S. Eustis, H.-Y. Hsu, and M.A. El-Sayed, J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 4811 (2005).

  66. K. Petcharoen and A. Sirivat, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 177, 421 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. C. Ravikumar and R. Bandyopadhyaya, J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 1380 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. S. Mahshid, M. Askari, and M.S. Ghamsari, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 189, 296 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. B. Feng, R.Y. Hong, L.S. Wang, L. Guo, H.Z. Li, J. Ding, Y. Zheng, and D.G. Wei, Colloid Surfaces A 328, 52 (2008).

  70. A. de la Escosura-Muñiz, C. Parolo, and A. Merkoçi, Mater. Today 13, 24 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. H. Hahn, Nanostructured Mater. 9, 3 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. D.B. Kittelson, J. Aerosol Sci. 29, 575 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. F.E. Kruis, H. Fissan, and A. Peled, J. Aerosol Sci. 29, 511 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. M.T. Swihart, Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 8, 127 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. D. Kim, W.L. Daniel, and C.A. Mirkin, Anal. Chem. 81, 9183 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. S.-B. Zhang, Z.-S. Wu, M.-M. Guo, G.-L. Shen, and R.-Q. Yu, Talanta 71, 1530 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. K.C. Bantz, A.F. Meyer, N.J. Wittenberg, H. Im, O. Kurtuluş, S.H. Lee, N.C. Lindquist, S.-H. Oh, and C.L. Haynes, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 11551 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. T. Vo-Dinh, H.-N. Wang, and J. Scaffidi, J. Biophotonics 3, 89 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. N. Chauhan and C.S. Pundir, Anal. Chim. Acta 701, 66 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. A.T.E. Vilian, V. Veeramani, S.-M. Chen, R. Madhu, C.H. Kwak, Y.S. Huh, and Y.-K. Han, Sci. Rep. 5, 18390 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. S. Kheybari, N. Samadi, S.V. Hosseini, A. Fazeli, and M.R. Fazeli, Daru 18, 168 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  82. S. Zhang, F. Zheng, Z. Wu, G. Shen, and R. Yu, Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 129 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. M.A. Aziz, S. Patra, and H. Yang, Chem. Commun. (Camb) (2008). doi:10.1039/b808026g.

  84. Y. Wang, J. Deng, J. Di, and Y. Tu, Electrochem. Commun. 11, 1034 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. J. Wang, L. Wang, J. Di, and Y. Tu, Talanta 77, 1454 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. T. Hu, Y. Lin, J. Yan, and J. Di, Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol Spectrosc. 110, 72 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. J. Lin, L. Zhang, and S. Zhang, Anal. Biochem. 370, 180 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. D.P. Norton, Y.W. Heo, M.P. Ivill, K. Ip, S.J. Pearton, M.F. Chisholm, and T. Steiner, Mater. Today 7, 34 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. G. Sberveglieri, S. Groppelli, P. Nelli, A. Tintinelli, and G. Giunta, Sens. Actuators B Chem. 25, 588 (1995).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. P.R. Solanki, A. Kaushik, A.A. Ansari, G. Sumana, and B.D. Malhotra, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 163903 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Z.R. Tian, J.A. Voigt, J. Liu, B. Mckenzie, and M.J. Mcdermott, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 12954 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. P. Pandey, M. Datta, and B.D. Malhotra, Anal. Lett. 41, 159 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. H. Zhou, X. Gan, J. Wang, X. Zhu, and G. Li, Anal. Chem. 77, 6102 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. S.P. Singh, S.K. Arya, P. Pandey, B.D. Malhotra, S. Saha, K. Sreenivas, and V. Gupta, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 63901 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. L. Schmidt-Mende and J.L. MacManus-Driscoll, Mater. Today 10, 40 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. J.X. Wang, X.W. Sun, A. Wei, Y. Lei, X.P. Cai, C.M. Li, and Z.L. Dong, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 233106 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. A. Dorfman, N. Kumar, and J. Hahm, Adv. Mater. 18, 2685 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. A. Dorfman, N. Kumar, and J. Hahm, Langmuir 22, 4890 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. L. Liao, H.B. Lu, J.C. Li, C. Liu, D.J. Fu, and Y.L. Liu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 173110 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Z. Ibupoto, K. Khun, and M. Willander, Sensors 13, 1984 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  101. P. Feng, Q. Wan, and T.H. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 213111 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  102. K. Yang, G.-W. She, H. Wang, X.-M. Ou, X.-H. Zhang, C.-S. Lee, and S.-T. Lee, J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 20169 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Z. Zhao, W. Lei, X. Zhang, B. Wang, and H. Jiang, Sensors 10, 1216 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. Z.W. Zhao, B.K. Tay, J.S. Chen, J.F. Hu, B.C. Lim, and G.P. Li, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 152502 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  105. L.V. Koplitz, O. Dulub, and U. Diebold, J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 10583 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. F.N. Crespilho, M. Emilia Ghica, M. Florescu, F.C. Nart, O.N. Oliveira, and C.M.A. Brett, Electrochem. Commun. 8, 1665 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. W.A. Alves, P.A. Fiorito, S.I. Córdoba de Torresi, and R.M. Torresi, Biosens. Bioelectron. 22, 298 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. K. Ariga, J.P. Hill, and Q. Ji, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 9, 2319 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. S. Saha, P. Sarkar, and A.P.F. Turner, Electroanalysis 26, 2197 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. S.S. Khan, A. Ravindran, and P. Chandran, Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 105, 342 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. S. Chen, R. Yuan, Y. Chai, and F. Hu, Microchim. Acta 180, 15 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. H. Chang, L. Tang, Y. Wang, J. Jiang, and J. Li, Anal. Chem. 82, 2341 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. D.G. Thompson, A. Enright, K. Faulds, W.E. Smith, and D. Graham, Anal. Chem. 80, 2805 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  114. Q. Huo, Colloids Surf. B. Biointerfaces 59, 1 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  115. H. Wei, J. Li, Y. Wang, and E. Wang, Nanotechnology 18, 175610 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  116. C. Li, Y. Liu, L. Li, Z. Du, S. Xu, M. Zhang, X. Yin, and T. Wang, Talanta 77, 455 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. A. Salimi, E. Sharifi, A. Noorbakhsh, and S. Soltanian, Biophys. Chem. 125, 540 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. A. Safavi, N. Maleki, and E. Farjami, Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 1655 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. N. Sattarahmady, H. Heli, and F. Faramarzi, Talanta 82, 1126 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  120. W.-D. Zhang, J. Chen, L.-C. Jiang, Y.-X. Yu, and J.-Q. Zhang, Microchim. Acta 168, 259 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. P. Prieto, V. Nistor, K. Nouneh, M. Oyama, M. Abd-Lefdil, and R. Díaz, Appl. Surf. Sci. 258, 8807 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. G. Yang, E. Liu, N.W. Khun, and S.P. Jiang, J. Electroanal. Chem. 627, 51 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  123. G.-P. Jin, Y.-F. Ding, and P.-P. Zheng, J. Power Sources 166, 80 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  124. X. Niu, M. Lan, H. Zhao, and C. Chen, Anal. Chem. 85, 3561 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  125. R.K. Shervedani, M. Karevan, and A. Amini, Sensors Actuators B Chem. 204, 783 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  126. C. Zhao, C. Shao, M. Li, and K. Jiao, Talanta 71, 1769 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  127. S.A.G. Evans, J.M. Elliott, L.M. Andrews, P.N. Bartlett, P.J. Doyle, and G. Denuault, Anal. Chem. 74, 1322 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  128. G.F. Khan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 3336 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  129. C.S. Kim and S.M. Oh, Electrochim. Acta 41, 2433 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  130. L. Jiwei, Q. Jingxia, Y. Miao, and J. Chen, J. Mater. Sci. 43, 6285 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  131. S. Hrapovic, Y. Liu, K.B. Male, and J.H.T. Luong, Anal. Chem. 76, 1083 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  132. M. Yang, Y. Yang, H. Yang, G. Shen, and R. Yu, Biomaterials 27, 246 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  133. K. Ding, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 4, 943 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  134. D. Cao, P. He, and N. Hu, Analyst 128, 1268 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  135. Y. Zhang, G.-M. Zeng, L. Tang, D.-L. Huang, X.-Y. Jiang, and Y.-N. Chen, Biosens. Bioelectron. 22, 2121 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  136. L. Tang, G. Zeng, J. Liu, X. Xu, Y. Zhang, G. Shen, Y. Li, and C. Liu, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 391, 679 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  137. S. Wang, Y. Tan, D. Zhao, and G. Liu, Biosens. Bioelectron. 23, 1781 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  138. Z. Liu, Y. Liu, H. Yang, Y. Yang, G. Shen, and R. Yu, Anal. Chim. Acta 533, 3 (2005).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  139. L.M. Rossi, A.D. Quach, and Z. Rosenzweig, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 380, 606 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  140. J. Qiu, H. Peng, and R. Liang, Electrochem. Commun. 9, 2734 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. H.-L. Zhang, G.-S. Lai, D.-Y. Han, and A.-M. Yu, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 390, 971 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  142. Z. Deng, Y. Gong, Y. Luo, and Y. Tian, Biosens. Bioelectron. 24, 2465 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  143. J.-J. Feng, J.-J. Xu, and H.-Y. Chen, Electrochem. Commun. 8, 77 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  144. S.-J. Yuan, H. He, G.-P. Sheng, J.-J. Chen, Z.-H. Tong, Y.-Y. Cheng, W.-W. Li, Z.-Q. Lin, F. Zhang, and H.-Q. Yu, Sci. Rep. 3, 1315 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  145. H. Liu, C. Duan, C. Yang, X. Chen, W. Shen, and Z. Zhu, Mater. Sci. Eng. C. Mater. Biol. Appl. 53, 43 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  146. M.A.M. Hassan, A.A. Hateef, A.M.A. Majeed, A.J.M. Al-Jabiry, S. Jameel, and H.A.R.A. Hussian, Appl. Nanosci. 4, 927 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  147. N. Gan, X. Yang, D. Xie, Y. Wu, and W. Wen, Sensors 10, 625 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. X. Feng, Z. Sun, W. Hou, and J.-J. Zhu, Nanotechnology 18, 195603 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  149. Y. Yu, Y. Yang, H. Gu, T. Zhou, and G. Shi, Biosens. Bioelectron. 41, 511 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  150. S. Saadati, A. Salimi, R. Hallaj, and A. Rostami, Anal. Chim. Acta 753, 32 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  151. A.A. Ansari, M. Azahar, and B.D. Malhotra, J. Phys: Conf. Ser. 358, 12006 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  152. Y. Qu, Q. Sun, F. Xiao, G. Shi, and L. Jin, Bioelectrochemistry 77, 139 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  153. B.N. Aini, S. Siddiquee, K. Ampon, K.F. Rodrigues, and S. Suryani, Sens. Bio-Sens. Res. 4, 46 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Z. H. Khan.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The author declares that there is no conflict of inter- est.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Khan, M.Z.H. Nanoparticles Modified ITO Based Biosensor. J. Electron. Mater. 46, 2254–2268 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-016-5172-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-016-5172-3

Keywords

Navigation