Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Auxiliary Preheating of the Filler Wire on Quality of Gas Metal Arc Stainless Steel Claddings

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Weld cladding is a process for producing surfaces with good corrosion resistant properties by means of depositing/laying of stainless steels on low-carbon steel components with an objective of achieving maximum economy and enhanced life. The aim of the work presented here was to investigate the effect of auxiliary preheating of the solid filler wire in mechanized gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process (by using a specially designed torch to preheat the filler wire independently, before its emergence from the torch) on the quality of the as-welded single layer stainless steel overlays. External preheating of the filler wire resulted in greater contribution of arc energy by resistive heating due to which significant drop in the main welding current values and hence low dilution levels were observed. Metallurgical aspects of the as welded overlays such as chemistry, ferrite content, and modes of solidification were studied to evaluate their suitability for service and it was found that claddings obtained through the preheating arrangement, besides higher ferrite content, possessed higher content of chromium, nickel, and molybdenum and lower content of carbon as compared to conventional GMAW claddings, thereby giving overlays with superior mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. The findings of this study not only establish the technical superiority of the new process, but also, owing to its productivity-enhanced features, justify its use for low-cost surfacing applications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Modensi P.J., Starling C.M.D., Reis R.I. (2005) Wire Melting Rate Phenomena in Gas Metal Arc Welding. Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining 10:120–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Huismann G., Hoffmeister H. (1999) Sensing Metal Inert Gas Process by Measuring Wire Feed Rate and Current. Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining 4:352–356

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kim D., Rhees S., Park H. (2002) Modelling and Optimization of GMA Welding Process by Genetic Algorithm and Response Surface Methodology. Int. J. Prod. Res. 40:1699–1611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. E. Halmøy, Wire Melting Rate, Droplet Temperature and Effective Anode Potential, Proc. Conf. Arc Physics and Weld Pool Behaviour, May 1979 (London, UK), Paper 29, The Welding Institute, 1979, p 49–54

  5. J.H. Waszink and G.J.P.M. Van Den Heuvel, Heat Generation and Heat Flow in the Filler Metal in GMA Welding, Weld. J., 1982, 61, 269s–280s

    Google Scholar 

  6. Suban M., Tusek J. (2001) Dependence of Melting Rate in MIG/MAG Welding on the Type of Shielding Gas Used. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 119:15–192

    Google Scholar 

  7. “Welding, Brazing and Soldering,” ASM Metals Handbook, 1983, Vol. 6, p 816–820

  8. Lancaster J.F. (1987) The Metallurgy of Welding, 4th Edition, Allen and Unwin, London

    Google Scholar 

  9. U.D. Mallaya and H.S. Srinivas, Effect of Magnetic Steering of the Arc on Clad Quality in Submerged Arc Strip Cladding, Am. Weld. J., 1993, 72, p 289s–293s

    Google Scholar 

  10. Y.K. Oh, J.H. Devletian, and S.J. Chen, Low-Dilution Electroslag Cladding for Shipbuilding, Am. Weld. J., 1990, 69, p 37–40

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. N. Murugan and R.S. Parmar, Stainless Steel Cladding Deposited by Automatic Gas Metal Arc Welding. Am. Weld. J., 1997, 76, p 391s–403s

    Google Scholar 

  12. T. Kannan and N. Murugan, Effect of Flux Cored Arc Welding Process Parameters on Duplex Stainless Steel Clad Quality, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2006, 176, p 230–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Ramazan and A. Mustafa, An Investigation on the Explosive Cladding of 316L Stainless Steel-Din-P355 GH Steel, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2004, 152, p 91–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. I.D. Harris, TIG Hot Wire Offers High Quality, High Deposition, Met. Construct., 1986, p 445–449

  15. A.S. Shahi and S. Pandey, AWS Professional Program, Fabtech International and AWS Welding Show, Chicago, USA, November 2005

  16. I. Stol, Advanced Gas Metal Arc Welding Process, First International Conference on Advanced Welding Systems, Organised by The Welding Institute, London, 1985

  17. A.S. Shahi and S. Pandey, Welding Current Prediction in GMAW and UGMAW Process Using Response Surface Methodology, Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 2006, 11(3), p 341–346

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. G.R. Speich, Metals Handbook, 8th Ed., Vol. 8, ASM, 1973, p 424

  19. J.A. Brooks and J.C. Loppold, Selection of Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steels, ASM Handbook, Vol. 8, p 456–460

  20. G.M. Goodwin, The Effects of heat Input and Weld Process on Hot Cracking in Stainless Steels, Am. Weld. J., 1998, 77, p 43

    Google Scholar 

  21. D.J. Kotecki, Ferrite Determination in Stainless Steel Welds-Advances Since 1974, Weld. J., 1997, 76, p 24s

    Google Scholar 

  22. J.M. Vitek, S.A. David, and C.R. Hinman, Improved Ferrite Number Prediction Model that Accounts for Cooling Rate Effects-Part 1: Model Development, Am. Weld. J., 2003, 82, p 10s–17s

    Google Scholar 

  23. J.M. Vitek, S.A. David, and C.R. Hinman, Improved Ferrite Number Prediction Model that accounts for Cooling Rates Effects-Part 2: Model Results, Am. Weld. J., 2003, 82, p 43s–50s

    Google Scholar 

  24. “Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steel,” ASTM A 262-91, 1992, p 8–10

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal, Punjab, 148106, India

    Amandeep S. Shahi

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India

    Sunil Pandey

Authors
  1. Amandeep S. Shahi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sunil Pandey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amandeep S. Shahi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Shahi, A., Pandey, S. Effect of Auxiliary Preheating of the Filler Wire on Quality of Gas Metal Arc Stainless Steel Claddings. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 17, 30–36 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-007-9132-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-007-9132-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation