Abstract
Electroless composite coatings with various concentrations of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) particles were deposited onto mild steel substrate. The effects of adding rGO particles by varying their concentration from 0 to 100 mg/L on morphology, composition, microhardness, adhesion, wear and friction of the electroless composite coatings were investigated. Among the various parameters that influence the tribological behavior, sliding velocity was varied within a specific range for definite concentrations of rGO to obtain enhanced wear resistance in this study. The micrographs of the worn surfaces and indented spots were examined for the nature of wear mechanism and interfacial adhesion. The wear rate increased with increasing sliding velocity but was relatively stable for coatings with lower concentrations of rGO.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. Medeliene, V. Stankevic, A. Griguceviciene, A. Selskiene, and G. Bikulcius, The Study of Corrosion and Wear Resistance of Copper Composite Coatings with Inclusion of Carbon Nanomaterials in the Copper Metal Matrix, Mater. Sci., 2011, 17, p 132–139
C. Soldano, A. Mahmood, and E. Dujardin, Production, Properties and Potential of Graphene, Carbon, 2010, 48, p 2127–2150
A.K. Geim, Graphene: Status and Prospects, Science, 2009, 324, p 530–1534
M.H. Sadhir, M. Saranya, M. Aravind, A. Srinivasan, A. Siddharthan, and N. Rajendran, Comparison of In Situ and Ex Situ Reduced Graphene Oxide Reinforced Electroless Nickel Phosphorus Nanocomposite Coating, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2014, 320, p 171–176
S. Pei and H.M. Cheng, The Reduction of Graphene Oxide, Carbon, 2012, 50, p 3210–3228
Z. Jia, T. Chen, J. Wang, J. Ni, H. Li, and X. Shao, Synthesis, Characterization and Tribological Properties of Cu/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites, Tribol. Int., 2015, 88, p 17–24
D. Kuang, L. Xu, L. Liu, W. Hu, and Y. Wu, Graphene–Nickel Composites, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2013, 273, p 484–490
Z. Yang, H. Xu, M.K. Li, Y.L. Shi, Y. Huang, and H.L. Li, Preparation and Properties of Ni/P/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Coatings by Means of Electro-Less Plating, Thin Solid Films, 2004, 466, p 86–91
X.H. Chen, C.S. Chen, H.N. Xiao, H.B. Liu, L.P. Zhou, S.L. Li, and G. Zhang, Dry Friction and Wear Characteristics of Nickel/Carbon Nanotube Electroless Composite Deposits, Tribol. Int., 2006, 39, p 22–28
J. Sudagar, J. Lian, and W. Sha, Electroless Nickel, Alloy, Composite and Nano Coatings—A Critical Review, J. Alloys Compd., 2013, 571, p 183–204
J.N. Balaraju, T.S. Narayanan, and S.K. Seshadri, Electroless Ni-P Composite Coatings, J. Appl. Electrochem., 2003, 33, p 807–816
J. Sudagar, K. Venkateswarlu, and J. Lian, Dry Sliding Wear Properties of a 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy Coated with Ni-P (h) in Different Pretreatment Conditions, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2010, 19(6), p 810–818
A. Zarebidaki and S.R. Allahkaram, Effect of Surfactant on the Fabrication and Characterization of Ni-P-CNT Composite Coatings, J. Alloys Compd., 2011, 509, p 1836–1840
M. Sarret, C. Muller, and A. Amell, Electroless NiP Micro- and Nano-composite Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 201, p 389–395
Y. De Hazan, F. Knies, D. Burnat, T. Graule, Y. Yamada-Pittini, C. Aneziris, and M. Kraak, Homogeneous Functional Ni-P/Ceramic Nanocomposite Coatings via Stable Dispersions in Electroless Nickel Electrolytes, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2012, 365, p 163–171
P. Sahoo and S.K. Das, Tribology of Electroless Nickel Coatings—A Review, Mater. Des., 2011, 32, p 1760–1775
T.R. Tamilarason, R. Rajendran, U. Sanjith, M. Siva shankar, G. Rajagopal, and J. Sudagar, Wear and Scratch Behaviour of Electroless Ni-P-Nano-TiO2: Effect of Surfactants, Wear, 2016, 346, p 148–157
A. Farzaneh, M. Ehteshamzadeh, M. Ghorbani, and J.V. Mehrabani, Investigation and Optimizatis by Taguchi Method, J. Coat. Technol. Res., 2010, 7, p 547–555
M. Abdoli and A.S. Rouhaghdam, Preparation and Characterization of Ni-P/Nanodiamond Coatings: Effects of Surfactants, Diam Relat. Mater., 2013, 31, p 30–37
T.R. Tamilarasan, R. Rajendran, G. Rajagopal, and J. Sudagar, Effect of Surfactants on the Coating Properties and Corrosion Behaviour of Ni-P-Nano-TiO2 Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, 276, p 320–326
N. Vidakis, A. Antoniadis, and N. Bilalis, The VDI, 3198 Indentation Test Evaluation of a Reliable Qualitative Control for Layered Compounds, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2003, 143, p 481–485
S. Ozkan, G. Hapci, G. Orhan, and K. Kazman, Electrodeposited Ni/SiC Nanocomposite Coatings and Evaluation of Wear and Corrosion Properties, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 232, p 734–741
H. Wu, F. Liu, W. Gong, F. Ye, L. Hao, L.J. Jiang, and S. Han, Preparation of Ni-P-GO Composite Coatings and Its Mechanical Properties, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, 272, p 25–32
Acknowledgments
Authors sincerely thank B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology for their financial support.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tamilarasan, T.R., Sanjith, U., Rajendran, R. et al. Effect of Reduced Graphene Oxide Reinforcement on the Wear Characteristics of Electroless Ni-P Coatings. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 3044–3053 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3246-5
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3246-5