Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of the Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steels

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are biphasic austenitic-ferritic steels in which the best combination of mechanical and corrosion resistance properties is achieved for an almost equal volume fraction of the phases. In this work, the effect of secondary phases precipitation on the corrosion resistance of four DSS grades (2101, 2304, 2205 and 2507), after isothermal aging in the critical temperature range 750-900 °C, was studied. The corrosion resistance was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization tests in both 0.6 M NaCl solution (pH 7) and in an acid chlorinated solution (pH 3) at room temperature. Moreover, the critical pitting temperature was determined according to ASTM G150. The results showed that secondary phases precipitation mainly influenced the resistance to corrosion of the lean duplex grades.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. R.N. Gunn, Duplex Stainless Steels: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, 1st ed. (Abington Publishing, Cambridge, 1997)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. K.W. Chan and S.C. Tjong, Effect of Secondary Phase Precipitation on the Corrosion Behavior of Duplex Stainless Steels, Materials, 2014, 7, p 5268–5304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. T.H. Chen, K.L. Weng, and J.R. Yang, The Effect of High Temperature Exposure on the Microstructural Stability and Toughness Property in a 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel, Mater. Sci., 2002, 338, p 259–270

    Google Scholar 

  4. I. Calliari, K. Brunelli, M. Dabalà, and E. Ramous, Measuring Secondary Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels, J. Met., 2009, 61, p 80–83

    Google Scholar 

  5. R. Qvarfort, Critical Pitting Temperature Measurements of Stainless Steels with an Improved Electrochemical Method, Corros. Sci., 1989, 29, p 987–993

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. N.J. Laycock, M.H. Moayed, and R.C. Newman, Metastable Pitting and the Critical Pitting Temperature, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1998, 145(8), p 2622–2628

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M.H. Moayed, N.J. Laycock, and R.C. Newman, Dependence of the Critical Pitting Temperature on Surface Roughness, Corros. Sci., 2003, 45(6), p 1203–1216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. D. Caluscio dos Santos, R. Magnabosco, and C. de Moura-Neto, Influence of Sigma Phase Formation on Pitting Corrosion of an Aged UNS S31803 Duplex Stainless Steel, Corrosion, 2013, 69(9), p 900–911

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Z. Zhang, H. Zhang, H. Zhao, and J. Li, Effect of Prolonged Thermal Cycles on the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of a Newly Developed LDX 2404 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel, Corros. Sci., 2016, 103, p 189–195

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. I. Calliari, K. Brunelli, M. Zanellato, E. Ramous, and R. Bertelli, Microstructural Modification During Isothermal Ageing of a Low Nickel Duplex Stainless Steel, J. Mater. Sci., 2009, 4(14), p 3764–3769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Breda, L. Pezzato, M. Pizzo, and I. Calliari, Effect of Cold Rolling on Pitting Resistance in Duplex Stainless Steels, La Metall. Ital., 2014, 6, p 15–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. L. Zhang, W. Zhang, Y. Jiangn, B. Deng, D. Sun, and J. Li, Influence of Annealing Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2101, Electrochim. Acta, 2009, 54, p 5387–5392

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. H. Tan, Z. Wang, Y. Jiang, Y. Yang, B. Deng, H. Song, and J. Li, Influence of Welding Thermal Cycles on Microstructure and Pitting Corrosion Resistance of 2304 Duplex Stainless Steels, Corros. Sci., 2012, 55, p 368–377

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J.S. Lee, S.H. Jeon, and Y.S. Park, Effects of Solution Annealing Temperature on the Galvanic Corrosion Behavior of the Super Duplex Stainless Steels, JMEPEG, 2013, 22(2), p 557–562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. F. Tehovnik, B. Arzen, B. Arh, D. Skobir, B. Pirnar, and B. Zuzek, Microstructure Evolution in Saf 2507 Super Duplex Stainless Steel, Mater. Tehnol., 2011, 45(4), p 339–345

    Google Scholar 

  16. H. Sieurin and R. Sandstrom, Sigma Phase Precipitation in Duplex Stainless Steel 2205, Mater. Sci. Eng., 2007, 444, p 271–276

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Practical Guidelines for the Fabrication of Duplex Stainless Steels, 3rd ed., International Molybdenum Association (IMOA), London, 2014

  18. J.O. Nilsson and A. Wilson, Influence of Isothermal Phase Transformation on Toughness and Pitting Corrosion of Super Duplex Stainless Steel SAF 2507, Mater. Sci. Technol., 1993, 9, p 545–554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. I. Calliari, M. Dabalà, E. Ramous, and G. Straffelini, New Lean Duplex Stainless Steels for Structural Application, Mater. Sci. Forum, 2009, 604–605, p 419–426

    Google Scholar 

  20. I. Calliari, M. Zanesco, E. Ramous, and P. Bassani, Effects of Isothermal Ageing and Continuous Cooling After Solubilization in a Duplex Stainless Steel, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2007, 16, p 109–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. L. Zhang, Y. Jiang, B. Deng, W. Zhang, J. Xu, and J. Li, Effect of Aging on the Corrosion Resistance of 2101 Lean Duplex Stainless Steel, Mater. Charact., 2009, 60, p 1522–1528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. G. Straffelini, S. Baldo, I. Calliari, and E. Ramous, Effect of Aging on the Fracture Behaviour of Lean Duplex Stainless Steels, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2009, 40A, p 2616–2621

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. I. Calliari, M. Breda, M. Pellizzari, A.F.B.A. Perez, and E. Ramous, in The Nitrides in Duplex Stainless Steels. 8th European Stainless Steels and Duplex Stainless Steels Conference, 28–30 April, Graz, Austria (2015)

  24. N. Llorca-Isern, H. López-Luqu, I. López-Jiménez, and M.V. Biezma, Identification of Sigma and Chi Phases in Duplex Stainless Steels, Mater. Charact., 2016, 112, p 20–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Y. He, N. Zhu, X. Lu, and L. Li, Experimental and Computational Study on Microstructural Evolution in 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel During High Temperature Aging, Mater. Sci. Eng., 2010, 528(2), p 721–729

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Luo, X.G. Li, C.F. Dong, and K. Xiao, Effect of Solution Treatment on Pitting Behavior of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel, Arab. J. Chem., 2012, 10, p S90–S94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. I. Calliari, G. Straffelini, and E. Ramous, Investigation of Secondary Phase Effect on 2205 DSS Fracture Toughness, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2010, 26(1), p 81–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. D. Villalobos, A. Albiter, and C. Maldonado, Microstructural Changes in SAF 2507 Superduplex Stainless Steel Produced by Thermal Cycle, Rev. Mater., 2009, 14(3), p 1061–1069

    Google Scholar 

  29. T. Berecz, É. Fazakas, I. Mészáros, and I. Sajó, Decomposition Kinetics of Ferrite in Isothermally Aged SAF2507 Type Duplex Stainless Steel, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2015, 24, p 4777–4788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. N. Sathirachindaa, R. Pettersson, S. Wessmanc, U. Kivisäkkd, and J. Pana, Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy Study of Chromium Nitrides in 2507 Super Duplex Stainless Steel—Implications and Limitations, Electrochim. Acta, 2011, 56, p 1792–1798

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. S.A. Golovanenko, E.G. Fel’Dgandler, A.P. Shlyamnev, and E.T. Shapovalov, in Manufacture and Application of Corrosion-Resistant Duplex Steels in Russia. 4th International Conference on Duplex Stainless Steels, Glasgow, Scotland, p. 115 (1994)

  32. J.S. Kim and H.S. Kwon, Effects of Tungsten on Corrosion and Kinetics of Sigma Phase Formation of 25% Chromium Duplex Stainless Steel, Corrosion, 1999, 55, p 512–552

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy

    Luca Pezzato, Mattia Lago, Katya Brunelli, Marco Breda & Irene Calliari

Authors
  1. Luca Pezzato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mattia Lago
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Katya Brunelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Marco Breda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Irene Calliari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luca Pezzato.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pezzato, L., Lago, M., Brunelli, K. et al. Effect of the Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steels. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 27, 3859–3868 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3408-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3408-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation