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Effect and mechanism of endophytic bacteria on growth and secondary metabolite synthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots

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Abstract

Our study found that except Novosphingobium resinovorum (B5) Salvia miltiorrhiza root endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas brassicacearum sub sp. neoaurantiaca (B1), Rhizobium radiobacter (B2), Pseudomonas thivervalensis (B3), Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis (B4) significantly improved the activity of key enzymes 3-hydroxy-3-methyglutary1-CoA reductase and 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase in the biosynthetic pathway of tanshinones. Specifically, HMGR activity with B1 treatment increased 2.1-fold that of control, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase activity with B2 treatment increased 5.0-fold that of control, which caused a significant increase in tanshinone content in the hairy roots. The dihydrotanshinone I and cryptotanshinone content under B1 treatment increased 19.2-fold and 11.3-fold, respectively, and total tanshinone content increased 3.7-fold that of control. The five endophytic bacteria B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5 all significantly decreased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine aminotransferase activity in hairy roots, of which, B3 treatment decreased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity by 46.2 %, and B2 treatment decreased tyrosine aminotransferase activity by 44.7 % compared with the control. Each of the five endophytic bacteria decomposed rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B, which caused a significant decrease in rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B content in hairy roots, with B2 treatment decreasing rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B content by 94.5 and 89.0 %, respectively, compared with the control. The five endophytic bacteria also inhibited the growth of S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots, of which, B2 and B4 treatment decreased hairy root biomass by 55.2 and 51.3 %, respectively, compared with the control, while hairy roots promoted the growth of B4 and B5 and inhibited the growth of B1 and B3.

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Abbreviations

S. miltiorrhiza :

Salvia miltiorrhiza

B1:

Pseudomonas brassicacearum sub sp. Neoaurantiaca

B2:

Rhizobium radiobacter

B3:

Pseudomonas thivervalensis

B4:

Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis

B5:

Novosphingobium resinovorum

HMGR:

3-Hydroxy-3-methyglutary1-CoA reductase

DXS:

1-Deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

TAT:

Tyrosine aminotransferase

DT-I:

Dihydrotanshinone I

CT:

Cryptotanshinone

T-I:

Tanshinone I

T-IIA:

Tanshinone IIA

RA:

Rosmarinic acid

SAB:

Salvianolic acid B

DAP:

Days after processing

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by National 11th Five-year Key Technology R & D Program (2007BAD79B06) and (2008BAD98B08).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Yan, Shuncang Zhang, Pengda Ma & Zongsuo Liang

  2. Foreign Affairs Office, Tongchuan, 727031, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Jiayi Zhang

  3. Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine’s Development, Tongchuan, 727031, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Yan

  4. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Jiali Duan

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  1. Yan Yan
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  2. Shuncang Zhang
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Correspondence to Zongsuo Liang.

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Communicated by J. V. Jorrin-Novo.

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Yan, Y., Zhang, S., Zhang, J. et al. Effect and mechanism of endophytic bacteria on growth and secondary metabolite synthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. Acta Physiol Plant 36, 1095–1105 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1484-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1484-1

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