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A watermarking algorithm based on chirp z-transform, discrete wavelet transform, and singular value decomposition

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Abstract

Digital watermarking has attracted increasing attentions as it has been the current solution to copyright protection and content authentication which has become an issue to be addressed in multimedia technology. This study introduces a novel watermarking scheme based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in combination with the chirp z-transform (CZT) and the singular value decomposition (SVD). Firstly, the image is decomposed into its frequency subbands by using 1-level DWT. Then, the high-frequency subband is transformed into z-domain by using CZT. Afterward by SVD, the watermark is added to the singular matrix of the transformed image. Finally, the watermarked image is obtained by using inverse of CZT and inverse of DWT. This algorithm combines the advantages of all three algorithms. The experimental result shows that the algorithm is imperceptible and robust to several attacks and signal processing operations.

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Acknowledgments

This work is partially supported by ERDF program “Estonian higher education information and communications technology and research and development activities state program 2011–2015 (ICT program)”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Department of Computer Engineering, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey

    Mary Agoyi & Erbuğ Çelebi

  2. IMS Lab, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 , Tartu, Estonia

    Gholamreza Anbarjafari

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  1. Mary Agoyi
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  2. Erbuğ Çelebi
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  3. Gholamreza Anbarjafari
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Correspondence to Gholamreza Anbarjafari.

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Agoyi, M., Çelebi, E. & Anbarjafari, G. A watermarking algorithm based on chirp z-transform, discrete wavelet transform, and singular value decomposition. SIViP 9, 735–745 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-014-0624-9

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