Abstract
Producer gas through gasification of biomass can be used as an alternate fuel in rural areas due to high potential of biomass resources in India. Experiments were conducted to study the performance of a diesel engine (four stroke, single cylinder, 5.25 kW) with respect to its thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption and diesel substitution by use of diesel alone and producer gas-cum-diesel (dual fuel mode). Three types of biomass, i.e. wood chips, pigeon pea stalks and corn cobs were used for generation of producer gas. A producer gas system consisting of a downdraft gasifier, a cooling cum cleaning unit, a filtering unit and a gas air mixing device was designed, fabricated and used to power a 5.25 kW diesel engine on dual fuel mode. Performance of the engine was reported by keeping biomass moisture contents as 8%, 12%, 16%, and 21%, engine speed as 1 600 r/min and with variable engine loads. The average value of thermal efficiency on dual fuel mode was found slightly lower than that of diesel mode. The specific diesel consumption was found to be 60%-64% less in dual fuel mode than that in diesel mode for the same amount of energy output. The average diesel substitution of 74% was observed with wood chips followed by corn cobs (78%) and pigeon pea stalks (82%). Based on the performance studied, the producer gas may be used as a substitute or as supplementary fuel for diesel conservation, particularly for stationary engines in agricultural operations in the farm.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
HINDSGAUL C, SCHRAMM J, GRATZ L, HENRIKSAN U, BENTZEN J D. Physical and chemical characterization of particles in producer gas from wood chips [J]. Bio Resource Technology, 2000, 73: 147–155.
DOGRU M, HOWARTH C R, AKAY G, KESKINLER B, MALIK A A. Gasification of hazelnut shells in a downdraft gasifier [J]. Energy, 2000, 27: 415–427.
BHATTACHARYA S C, SHWE S S, PHAM H L. A study on a multi-stage hybrid gasifier-engine system [J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2001, 21: 445–460.
SRIDHAR G, PAUL P J, MUKUNDA H S. Biomass derived producer gas as a reciprocating engine fuel-An experimental analysis [J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2001, 21: 61–72.
DAS D K, PANDEY K P. Some studies on biomass based gas producer system for a diesel engine [D]. Kharagpur: Engineering Department, IIT, 1993.
PATHAK B S, JAIN A K. Engine quality producer gas from leucaena leucocephala and selected agricultural residues [J]. Journal of Agril Engineering, 2004, 21(3): 43–50.
TIWARI G N, GHOSAL M K. Fundamentals of renewable energy sources: Basic principles and applications [M]. New Delhi: Narosa Publishing House, 2007: 216.
CHOPRA S, JAIN A. A review of fixed bed gasification systems for biomass [J]. Agricultural Engineering International, 2007, 9: 187–192.
TIWARI G, SARKAR B, GHOSH L. Design parameters for a rice husk throatless gasifier reactor [J]. Agricultural Engineering International: The CIGR Journal of Scientific Research and Development, 2006, 8: 88–93.
SINGH R N, JENA U, PATEL J B, SHARMA A M. Feasibility study of cashew nut shells as an open core gasifier feedstock [J]. Renewable Energy, 2006, 31(4): 481–487.
RIVA G. Utilization of biofuels on the farm [J]. Agricultural Engineering International, 2006, 8: 107–113.
JAIN A. Design parameters for a rice husk throatless gasifier [J]. Agricultural Engineering International, 2006, 8: 57–60.
PATHAK B S. Biomass to power rural development [C]// Proc of National Seminar on Biomass Based Decentralized Power Generation. Vallabh Vidhyanagar: Sardar Patel Renewable Energy Research Institute, 2005: 107–111.
CARLOS L. High temperature air/steam gasification of biomass in an updraft fixed batch type gasifier [D]. Royal Institute of Technology, Energy Furnace and Technology. Stockholm, Sweden, 2005.
GHOSH S, DAS T K, JASH T. Sustainability of decentralized wood fuel-based power plant: An experience in India [J]. Energy, 2004, 29: 155–166.
WANDER P R, ALTAFINI C R, BARRETO R M. Assessment of a small sawdust gasification unit [J]. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2004, 27: 467–476.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Das, D.K., Dash, S.P. & Ghosal, M.K. Performance evaluation of a diesel engine by using producer gas from some under-utilized biomass on dual-fuel mode of diesel cum producer gas. J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. 19, 1583–1589 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-012-1180-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-012-1180-5