Abstract
To explore the seismic performance of a high-rise pile cap foundation with riverbed scour, a finite element model for foundations is introduced in the OpenSees finite element framework. In the model, a fiber element is used to simulate the pile shaft, a nonlinear p-y element is used to simulate the soil-pile interaction, and the p-factor method is used to reflect the group effects. A global and local scour model is proposed, in which two parameters, the scour depth of the same row of piles and the difference in the scour depth of the upstream pile and the downstream pile, are included to study the influence of scour on the foundation. Several elasto-plastic static pushover analyses are performed on this finite element model. The analysis results indicate that the seismic capacity (or supply) of the foundation is in the worst condition when the predicted deepest global scout depth is reached, and the capacity becomes larger when the local scour depth is below the predicted deepest global scout depth. Therefore, to evaluate the seismic capacity of a foundation, only the predicted deepest global scout depth should be considered. The method used in this paper can be also applied to foundations with other soil types.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ataie-Ashtiani B and Beheshti A A (2006), “Experimental Investigation of Clear-Water Local Scour,” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 132(10): 1100–1104.
Bayram Atilla and Larson Magnus (2000), “Analysis of Scour Around a Group of Vertical Piles in the Field,” Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering, 126(4): 215–220.
Behrouz Asgarian and Mohammad Lesani (2009), “Pile-Soil-structure Interaction in Pushover Analysis of Jacket Offshore Platforms Using Fiber Elements,” Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 65: 209–218.
Brown DA, Morrison C and Reese LC (1988), “Lateral Load Behavior of Pile Group in Sand,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 114(11): 1261–1276.
Chen Wai-Fah and Duan Lian (2003), Bridge Engineering Substructure Design, New York: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Coleman SE (2005), “Clearwater Local Scour at Complex Piers,” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 131(4): 330–334.
JTG D62-2004 (2004), Code for Design of Highway Reinforced Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Bridges and Culverts, Beijing: China Communications Press. (in Chinese)
Kent DC and Park R (1971), “Flexural Members with Confined Concrete,” Journal of The Structural Division, ASCE, 97(7): 1969–1990.
Matlock (1970), “Correlations for Design of Laterally Loaded Piles in Soft Clay,” Proceedings, Offshore Technology Conference, Vol. 1, Houston, Texas, pp. 577–594.
Menegotto M and Pinto PE (1973), “Method of Analysis for Cyclically Loaded RC Plane Frames Including Changes in Geometry and Non-elastic Behavior of Elements Under Combined Normal Force and Bending,” Preliminary Report, IABSE Symposium: Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well Defined Repeated Loads, Vol. 13, Lisboa, Portuguese, pp.15–22.
Mohammad Zounemat-Kermani, Ali-Asghar Beheshti, Behzad Ataie-Ashtiani and Saeed-Reza Sabbagh-Yazdi (2009), “Estimation of Current-induced Scour Depth Around Pile Groups Using Neural Network and Adaptive Neuro-fuzzy Inference System,” Applied Soft Computing, 9: 746–755.
Mokwa RL (1999), “Investigation of the Resistance of Pile Caps to Lateral Loading,” PhD. Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg.
OpenSees Development Team (1998–2010), OpenSees: Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simualtion, http://opensees.berkeley.edu/.
Rambabu M, Rao Narasimha S and Sundar V (2002), “Current-induced Scour Around a Vertical Pile in Cohesive Soil,” Ocean Engineering, 30: 893–920.
Roeder W Charles, Graff Robert, Soderstrom Jennifer and Yoo Han Jung (2005), “Seismic Performance of Pile-Wharf Connections,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, 131(3): 428–437.
Ross BW, Christina CJ, Bruce KL, Daniel WW and Abbas A (1999), “Seismic Soil-pile-structure Interaction Experiments and Analyses,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 125(9): 750–759.
Scott BJ, Ross BW, Bruce KL and Chang Dongdong (2007), “Static Pushover Analyses of Pile Groups in Liquefied and Laterally Spreading Ground in Centrifuge Tests,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 133(9): 1055–1066.
Spacone E, Filippou FC and Taucer FF (1996), “Fiber Beam-column Model for Nonlinear Analysis of R/C Frames: Part I Formulation,” Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 25: 711–725.
Sumer Mutlu B, Richard JS, Whitehouse and Alf Tørum (2001), “Scour Around Coastal Structures: A Summary of Recent Research,” Coastal Engineering, 44:153–190.
Yang Zhaohui and Jeremic Boris (2003), “Numerical Study of Group Effects for Pile Groups in Sands,” International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 27: 1255–1276.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Supported by: National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No.50878147
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Han, Z., Ye, A. & Fan, L. Effects of riverbed scour on seismic performance of high-rise pile cap foundation. Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib. 9, 533–543 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-010-0035-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-010-0035-z