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Characterization of peroxidase changes in resistant and susceptible warm-season turfgrasses challenged by Blissus occiduus

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Abstract

Peroxidases play an important role in plant stress related interactions. This research assessed the role of peroxidases in the defense response of resistant and susceptible buffalograsses [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm] and zoysiagrasses (Zoysia japonica Steudel) to the western chinch bug, Blissus occiduus Barber. The objectives were: (1) to assess the relationships among protein content, basal peroxidase levels, chinch bug injury, and ploidy levels of chinch bug-resistant and -susceptible buffalograsses; (2) to compare peroxidase activity levels of resistant and susceptible buffalograsses and zoysiagrasses in response to chinch bug feeding; (3) and to analyze extracted proteins from chinch bug-resistant and -susceptible buffalograsses and zoysiagrasses by native gel electrophoresis to obtain information on the peroxidase profiles. Correlation analyses of 28 buffalograss genotypes with varying levels of chinch bug resistance and ploidy levels indicated that buffalograss total protein content was correlated (r = 0.47, P = 0.01) to chinch bug injury, while basal peroxidase levels was not (r = 0.19, P = 0.29), suggesting that the up-regulation of peroxidases in resistant buffalograsses is a direct response to chinch bug feeding. Three of the four chinch bug-resistant buffalograss genotypes evaluated had higher peroxidase activity in the infested plants compared to control plants. Peroxidase activity levels were similar between infested and control plants of the two highly susceptible buffalograss genotypes. Zoysiagrasses had lower peroxidase activity in general when compared to buffalograss control plants, and only ‘Zorro’ consistently showed higher peroxidase activity in the infested plants. Native gel electrophoresis analysis identified differences in the isozyme profiles of infested and control buffalograsses ‘Prestige’ and 196, and the zoysiagrass ‘Zorro’. Results from this study suggest that peroxidases have the potential to be used as markers for selecting chinch bug resistant turfgrasses, and may help explain how plants defend themselves against biotic stresses, such as chinch bugs.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge Paul Nabity, Herbert Siqueira, Mitch Stamm, Sandra Schaeffer, and Andrea Gutsche for technical assistance. This research was supported in part by the University of Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station Projects NEB-28-097, NEB-22-331, AND NEB-28-092, the United States Golf Association, and the Nebraska Turfgrass Association.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey

    Osman Gulsen

  2. Monsanto Company, Monmouth, IL, 61462, USA

    Thomas Eickhoff

  3. Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA

    Tiffany Heng-Moss & Frederick Baxendale

  4. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA

    Robert Shearman & Donald Lee

  5. USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA

    Gautam Sarath

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  1. Osman Gulsen
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  2. Thomas Eickhoff
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  3. Tiffany Heng-Moss
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  4. Robert Shearman
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  5. Frederick Baxendale
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  6. Gautam Sarath
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  7. Donald Lee
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Correspondence to Tiffany Heng-Moss.

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Handling Editor: Henryk Czosnek.

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Gulsen, O., Eickhoff, T., Heng-Moss, T. et al. Characterization of peroxidase changes in resistant and susceptible warm-season turfgrasses challenged by Blissus occiduus . Arthropod-Plant Interactions 4, 45–55 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-010-9086-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-010-9086-3

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