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Speciation of As(ΙΙΙ)/As(V) and Total Inorganic Arsenic in Biological Fluids Using New Mode of Liquid-Phase Microextraction and Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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Abstract

In this paper, a new extraction method based on countercurrent liquid–liquid microextraction (CLLME) has been developed for the extraction and preconcentration of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in plasma and urine samples prior to their analysis by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). In this method, firstly, 5 ml of water is added to the extraction vessel. Then 30.0 μl of the extracting solvent is added to it in order for the extracting solvent to be placed in the narrow-necked vessel. In total, 10 ml of a standard solution or a pretreated real sample is added to the sample container and it is connected to the extraction vessel via a connector. While opening the embedded valve at the bottom of the sample container and the one in the extraction vessel, the sample solution flows into the extracting solvent with the same flow rate, leading to the successful extraction of metal ligand into the extracting organic solvent. Under the optimum conditions, calibration curves are linear in the range of 0.1–50 μg l−1, and limit of detections (LODs) are in the range of 0.03–0.05 μg l−1. The enhancement factor and enrichment factor were in the range of 220–240 and 198–212, respectively. Repeatability (intra-day) and reproducibility (inter-day) of method based on seven replicate measurements of 5.0 μg l−1 of arsenic were in the range of 2.3–3.5% and 4.0–5.7%, respectively. The applicability of the proposed CLLME and ETAAS methods was demonstrated by analyzing the iAs in spiked urine and plasma samples. The obtained recoveries of the arsenic in the range of 92–107% indicated the excellent capability of the developed method for speciation of arsenic from plasma and urine samples.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Research Council of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (Grant Number: 96422) for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Lida Haghnazari

  2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

    Nezam Mirzaei

  3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Nezam Mirzaei

  4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Hossein Arfaeinia

  5. Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Kamaladdin Karimyan

  6. Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Hooshmand Sharafi & Nazir Fattahi

Authors
  1. Lida Haghnazari
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  2. Nezam Mirzaei
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  3. Hossein Arfaeinia
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  4. Kamaladdin Karimyan
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  5. Hooshmand Sharafi
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  6. Nazir Fattahi
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Correspondence to Nazir Fattahi.

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Haghnazari, L., Mirzaei, N., Arfaeinia, H. et al. Speciation of As(ΙΙΙ)/As(V) and Total Inorganic Arsenic in Biological Fluids Using New Mode of Liquid-Phase Microextraction and Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 183, 173–181 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1118-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-017-1118-8

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