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CYR61 overexpression associated with the development and poor prognosis of ovarian carcinoma

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Abstract

Cysteine-rich 61 (CYR61) has been proven to be an oncogene with potential predictive and prognostic implications in a variety of human cancers. However, the expression pattern of CYR61 and its role in ovarian carcinoma remains largely unknown. In this study, the mRNA and protein levels of CYR61 in normal ovaries and ovarian carcinoma tissues were evaluated using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Compared to normal ovarian tissues, the mRNA and protein levels of CYR61 were significantly higher in ovarian carcinoma tissues. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Spearman’s rank correlation, Kaplan–Meier plots, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to investigate the potential association of the CYR61 protein with the development of ovarian carcinoma in an ovarian carcinoma cohort. Based on ROC curve analysis, high expression of CYR61 was defined as a tumor in which more than 70 % of cells were positively stained. Based on this cutoff value, high expression of CYR61 was detected in 51.5 % of invasive carcinomas, 35.3 % of borderline tumors, 25.9 % of cystadenomas, and 20 % in the normal ovaries. In ovarian carcinomas, CYR61 overexpression was associated with advanced FIGO stage. Univariate survival analysis on the ovarian carcinoma cohorts showed that overexpression of CYR61 was associated with poor survival of ovarian cancer patients. Multivariate analysis suggested that the protein level of CYR61 was an independent and significant prognostic factor for ovarian carcinoma. Our results suggest that the CYR61 protein is an important and independent biomarker for prognostic implications of ovarian carcinoma.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. S2012010006150;No.S2012040006148) and Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China(No.2011B031800056;No.2011B031800276). Thanks are due to Forevergen Biosciences for assistance with the experiments and for valuable discussion. We are grateful to 91SCI Company for language editing assistance.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical standards

All human studies have been approved by The Institute Research Medical Ethics Committee of Sun Yat-Sen University. All human studies have been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. All persons gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guang Zhou, 510080, China

    Huimin Shen, Shanshan Zhao, Shuzhong Yao & Nan Jiang

  2. Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China

    Muyan Cai

  3. The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guang Zhou, 510150, China

    Huan Wang & Mengxiong Li

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  1. Huimin Shen
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Correspondence to Nan Jiang.

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Huimin Shen and Muyan Cai have contributed equally to this work.

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Shen, H., Cai, M., Zhao, S. et al. CYR61 overexpression associated with the development and poor prognosis of ovarian carcinoma. Med Oncol 31, 117 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-014-0117-2

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