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Synthesis of polyaniline/ZrO2 nanocomposites and their performance in AC conductivity and electrochemical supercapacitance

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Abstract

Polyaniline/zirconium oxide (PANI/ZrO2) nanocomposites have been synthesized by incorporating ZrO2 nanoparticles into the PANI matrix via liquid–liquid interfacial polymerization method. The composite formation and structural changes in PANI/ZrO2 nanocomposites were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). PXRD pattern of PANI/ZrO2 nanocomposites exhibited sharp and well-defined peaks of monoclinic phase of ZrO2 in PANI matrix. SEM images of the composites showed that ZrO2 nanoparticles were dispersed in the PANI matrix. The FT-IR analysis revealed that there was strong interaction between PANI and ZrO2. AC conductivity and dielectric properties of the nanocomposites were studied in the frequency range, 50–106 Hz. AC conductivity of the nanocomposites obeyed the power law indicating the universal behaviour of disordered media. The nanocomposites showed high dielectric constant in the order of 104, which could be related to dielectric relaxation phenomenon. Further, the materials were checked for their supercapacitance performance by using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Among the synthesized nanocomposites, PANI/ZrO2-25 wt.% showed a higher specific capacitance of 341 F g−1 at 2 m Vs−1 and good cyclic stability with capacitance retention of about 88% even after 500 charge–discharge cycles.

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Acknowledgements

We thank NRB—Naval Research Board—for the financial support given for this research work (project number: NRB-290/MAT/12-13). We thank Dr Krishna Venkatesh, CEO, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Dr Chenraj Roychand, President, Jain University Trust, Dr M Krishna, Director, CMRTU and Prof B S Satyanarayana, Principal, RVCE, for their constant support in encouraging this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. C.M.R.T.U. Research Centre, Tumkur University, Tumkur, 572 101, India

    B P PRASANNA

  2. Department of Physics, School of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Bangalore, 562 112, India

    B P PRASANNA

  3. Department of Physics, R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore, 560 059, India

    D N AVADHANI

  4. Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Bangalore, 562 112, India

    H B MURALIDHARA, K CHAITRA, VINNY ROSE THOMAS & N KATHYAYINI

  5. Department of Chemistry, PESIT Bangalore South Campus, Bangalore, 560 100, India

    M REVANASIDDAPPA

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  1. B P PRASANNA
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Correspondence to N KATHYAYINI.

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PRASANNA, B.P., AVADHANI, D.N., MURALIDHARA, H.B. et al. Synthesis of polyaniline/ZrO2 nanocomposites and their performance in AC conductivity and electrochemical supercapacitance. Bull Mater Sci 39, 667–675 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-016-1196-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-016-1196-9

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